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Perinatal Exposure to HIV Infection: The Experience of Craiova Regional Centre, Romania

Background and objectives: HIV infection in pregnant women can be responsible for a number of consequences during pregnancy, such as: maternal anaemia, miscarriage, low birth weight, and preterm birth. The objectives of this study were to determine the maternal–foetal transmission rate of HIV among...

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Autores principales: Marcu, Eugenia-Andreea, Dinescu, Sorin-Nicolae, Pădureanu, Vlad, Dumitrescu, Florentina, Diaconu, Radu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8871740/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35206923
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10020308
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author Marcu, Eugenia-Andreea
Dinescu, Sorin-Nicolae
Pădureanu, Vlad
Dumitrescu, Florentina
Diaconu, Radu
author_facet Marcu, Eugenia-Andreea
Dinescu, Sorin-Nicolae
Pădureanu, Vlad
Dumitrescu, Florentina
Diaconu, Radu
author_sort Marcu, Eugenia-Andreea
collection PubMed
description Background and objectives: HIV infection in pregnant women can be responsible for a number of consequences during pregnancy, such as: maternal anaemia, miscarriage, low birth weight, and preterm birth. The objectives of this study were to determine the maternal–foetal transmission rate of HIV among pregnant women living with HIV from Craiova Regional Centre in order to assess the risk factors for mother-to-child transmission of HIV and to identify the characteristics of newborns perinatally exposed to HIV. Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2020, including children born to HIV-positive mothers. Results: The studied group included 138 newborns and was divided into two subgroups: group A, which included 10 HIV-infected infants; and group B, which included 128 uninfected infants. The mother-to-child transmission rate was 3.5% for women to whom all prophylaxis standards were applied. We found a statistically significant correlation between the level of maternal HIV viremia and perinatal HIV transmission (p = 0.01). Preterm birth and low birth weight were associated with perinatal transmission of the infection. Conclusions: Perinatal transmission of HIV infection during our study was associated with inconsistent application of screening for HIV infection among pregnant women, lack of antiretroviral therapy, poor adherence to treatment, and detectable HIV viral load during pregnancy.
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spelling pubmed-88717402022-02-25 Perinatal Exposure to HIV Infection: The Experience of Craiova Regional Centre, Romania Marcu, Eugenia-Andreea Dinescu, Sorin-Nicolae Pădureanu, Vlad Dumitrescu, Florentina Diaconu, Radu Healthcare (Basel) Article Background and objectives: HIV infection in pregnant women can be responsible for a number of consequences during pregnancy, such as: maternal anaemia, miscarriage, low birth weight, and preterm birth. The objectives of this study were to determine the maternal–foetal transmission rate of HIV among pregnant women living with HIV from Craiova Regional Centre in order to assess the risk factors for mother-to-child transmission of HIV and to identify the characteristics of newborns perinatally exposed to HIV. Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2020, including children born to HIV-positive mothers. Results: The studied group included 138 newborns and was divided into two subgroups: group A, which included 10 HIV-infected infants; and group B, which included 128 uninfected infants. The mother-to-child transmission rate was 3.5% for women to whom all prophylaxis standards were applied. We found a statistically significant correlation between the level of maternal HIV viremia and perinatal HIV transmission (p = 0.01). Preterm birth and low birth weight were associated with perinatal transmission of the infection. Conclusions: Perinatal transmission of HIV infection during our study was associated with inconsistent application of screening for HIV infection among pregnant women, lack of antiretroviral therapy, poor adherence to treatment, and detectable HIV viral load during pregnancy. MDPI 2022-02-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8871740/ /pubmed/35206923 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10020308 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Marcu, Eugenia-Andreea
Dinescu, Sorin-Nicolae
Pădureanu, Vlad
Dumitrescu, Florentina
Diaconu, Radu
Perinatal Exposure to HIV Infection: The Experience of Craiova Regional Centre, Romania
title Perinatal Exposure to HIV Infection: The Experience of Craiova Regional Centre, Romania
title_full Perinatal Exposure to HIV Infection: The Experience of Craiova Regional Centre, Romania
title_fullStr Perinatal Exposure to HIV Infection: The Experience of Craiova Regional Centre, Romania
title_full_unstemmed Perinatal Exposure to HIV Infection: The Experience of Craiova Regional Centre, Romania
title_short Perinatal Exposure to HIV Infection: The Experience of Craiova Regional Centre, Romania
title_sort perinatal exposure to hiv infection: the experience of craiova regional centre, romania
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8871740/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35206923
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10020308
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