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Hemostatic Responses to Multiple Bouts of Firefighting Activity: Female vs. Male Differences in a High Demand, High Performance Occupation

While the fire service has long been a male-dominated occupation, women’s participation in this strenuous, high risk, high performance activity has increased in recent years. Firefighting induces significant cardiovascular strain, including hemostatic disruption; however, the effect of sex on hemost...

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Autores principales: Smith, Denise L., Horn, Gavin P., Petruzzello, Steven J., Freund, Gregory G., Bloom, Samuel I., Fernhall, Bo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8872043/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35206312
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042124
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author Smith, Denise L.
Horn, Gavin P.
Petruzzello, Steven J.
Freund, Gregory G.
Bloom, Samuel I.
Fernhall, Bo
author_facet Smith, Denise L.
Horn, Gavin P.
Petruzzello, Steven J.
Freund, Gregory G.
Bloom, Samuel I.
Fernhall, Bo
author_sort Smith, Denise L.
collection PubMed
description While the fire service has long been a male-dominated occupation, women’s participation in this strenuous, high risk, high performance activity has increased in recent years. Firefighting induces significant cardiovascular strain, including hemostatic disruption; however, the effect of sex on hemostatic responses has not been investigated despite evidence that there are sex-related differences in hemostatic variables at rest and following exercise. Thus, we investigated hemostatic responses in age- and BMI-matched male and female firefighters who performed 3–4 evolutions of firefighting drills over a 3 h period. Venous blood samples were collected before and after the firefighting training drills and hemostatic variables were assessed. Firefighting significantly increased platelet count and factor VIII, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) antigen, and t-PA activity, and decreased activated partial thromboplastin time and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) activity. Females had lower values for epinephrine-induced platelet closure time, antithrombin III, PAI-1 activity, and PAI-1 antigen. There were no interactions between sex and time for any variables assessed. In conclusion, multiple bouts of firefighting activity resulted in a procoagulatory state. Although there were sex differences for several hemostatic variables, male and female firefighters did not differ in their hemostatic response to multiple bouts of firefighting.
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spelling pubmed-88720432022-02-25 Hemostatic Responses to Multiple Bouts of Firefighting Activity: Female vs. Male Differences in a High Demand, High Performance Occupation Smith, Denise L. Horn, Gavin P. Petruzzello, Steven J. Freund, Gregory G. Bloom, Samuel I. Fernhall, Bo Int J Environ Res Public Health Article While the fire service has long been a male-dominated occupation, women’s participation in this strenuous, high risk, high performance activity has increased in recent years. Firefighting induces significant cardiovascular strain, including hemostatic disruption; however, the effect of sex on hemostatic responses has not been investigated despite evidence that there are sex-related differences in hemostatic variables at rest and following exercise. Thus, we investigated hemostatic responses in age- and BMI-matched male and female firefighters who performed 3–4 evolutions of firefighting drills over a 3 h period. Venous blood samples were collected before and after the firefighting training drills and hemostatic variables were assessed. Firefighting significantly increased platelet count and factor VIII, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) antigen, and t-PA activity, and decreased activated partial thromboplastin time and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) activity. Females had lower values for epinephrine-induced platelet closure time, antithrombin III, PAI-1 activity, and PAI-1 antigen. There were no interactions between sex and time for any variables assessed. In conclusion, multiple bouts of firefighting activity resulted in a procoagulatory state. Although there were sex differences for several hemostatic variables, male and female firefighters did not differ in their hemostatic response to multiple bouts of firefighting. MDPI 2022-02-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8872043/ /pubmed/35206312 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042124 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Smith, Denise L.
Horn, Gavin P.
Petruzzello, Steven J.
Freund, Gregory G.
Bloom, Samuel I.
Fernhall, Bo
Hemostatic Responses to Multiple Bouts of Firefighting Activity: Female vs. Male Differences in a High Demand, High Performance Occupation
title Hemostatic Responses to Multiple Bouts of Firefighting Activity: Female vs. Male Differences in a High Demand, High Performance Occupation
title_full Hemostatic Responses to Multiple Bouts of Firefighting Activity: Female vs. Male Differences in a High Demand, High Performance Occupation
title_fullStr Hemostatic Responses to Multiple Bouts of Firefighting Activity: Female vs. Male Differences in a High Demand, High Performance Occupation
title_full_unstemmed Hemostatic Responses to Multiple Bouts of Firefighting Activity: Female vs. Male Differences in a High Demand, High Performance Occupation
title_short Hemostatic Responses to Multiple Bouts of Firefighting Activity: Female vs. Male Differences in a High Demand, High Performance Occupation
title_sort hemostatic responses to multiple bouts of firefighting activity: female vs. male differences in a high demand, high performance occupation
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8872043/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35206312
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042124
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