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Transfer RNA-Derived Small RNAs in the Pathogenesis of Parasitic Protozoa

Transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are newly identified non-coding small RNAs that have recently attracted attention due to their functional significance in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. tsRNAs originated from the cleavage of precursor or mature tRNAs by specific nucleases. According...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Peng, Ruofan, Santos, Herbert J., Nozaki, Tomoyoshi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8872473/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35205331
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13020286
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author Peng, Ruofan
Santos, Herbert J.
Nozaki, Tomoyoshi
author_facet Peng, Ruofan
Santos, Herbert J.
Nozaki, Tomoyoshi
author_sort Peng, Ruofan
collection PubMed
description Transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are newly identified non-coding small RNAs that have recently attracted attention due to their functional significance in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. tsRNAs originated from the cleavage of precursor or mature tRNAs by specific nucleases. According to the start and end sites, tsRNAs can be broadly divided into tRNA halves (31–40 nucleotides) and tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs, 14–30 nucleotides). tsRNAs have been reported in multiple organisms to be involved in gene expression regulation, protein synthesis, and signal transduction. As a novel regulator, tsRNAs have also been identified in various protozoan parasites. The conserved biogenesis of tsRNAs in early-branching eukaryotes strongly suggests the universality of this machinery, which requires future research on their shared and potentially disparate biological functions. Here, we reviewed the recent studies of tsRNAs in several representative protozoan parasites including their biogenesis and the roles in parasite biology and intercellular communication. Furthermore, we discussed the remaining questions and potential future works for tsRNAs in this group of organisms.
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spelling pubmed-88724732022-02-25 Transfer RNA-Derived Small RNAs in the Pathogenesis of Parasitic Protozoa Peng, Ruofan Santos, Herbert J. Nozaki, Tomoyoshi Genes (Basel) Review Transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are newly identified non-coding small RNAs that have recently attracted attention due to their functional significance in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. tsRNAs originated from the cleavage of precursor or mature tRNAs by specific nucleases. According to the start and end sites, tsRNAs can be broadly divided into tRNA halves (31–40 nucleotides) and tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs, 14–30 nucleotides). tsRNAs have been reported in multiple organisms to be involved in gene expression regulation, protein synthesis, and signal transduction. As a novel regulator, tsRNAs have also been identified in various protozoan parasites. The conserved biogenesis of tsRNAs in early-branching eukaryotes strongly suggests the universality of this machinery, which requires future research on their shared and potentially disparate biological functions. Here, we reviewed the recent studies of tsRNAs in several representative protozoan parasites including their biogenesis and the roles in parasite biology and intercellular communication. Furthermore, we discussed the remaining questions and potential future works for tsRNAs in this group of organisms. MDPI 2022-01-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8872473/ /pubmed/35205331 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13020286 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Peng, Ruofan
Santos, Herbert J.
Nozaki, Tomoyoshi
Transfer RNA-Derived Small RNAs in the Pathogenesis of Parasitic Protozoa
title Transfer RNA-Derived Small RNAs in the Pathogenesis of Parasitic Protozoa
title_full Transfer RNA-Derived Small RNAs in the Pathogenesis of Parasitic Protozoa
title_fullStr Transfer RNA-Derived Small RNAs in the Pathogenesis of Parasitic Protozoa
title_full_unstemmed Transfer RNA-Derived Small RNAs in the Pathogenesis of Parasitic Protozoa
title_short Transfer RNA-Derived Small RNAs in the Pathogenesis of Parasitic Protozoa
title_sort transfer rna-derived small rnas in the pathogenesis of parasitic protozoa
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8872473/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35205331
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13020286
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