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Experimental investigation of spray characteristics of ethyl esters in a constant volume chamber

ABSTRACT: Biodiesels are mainly produced via the utilization of methanol in transesterification, which is the widespread biodiesel production process. The majority of this methanol is currently obtained from fossil resources, i.e. coal and natural gas. However, in contrast with methanol, biomass-bas...

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Autores principales: Ulu, Anılcan, Yildiz, Güray, Özkol, Ünver, Rodriguez, Alvaro Diez
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8872800/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35233347
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-02476-3
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author Ulu, Anılcan
Yildiz, Güray
Özkol, Ünver
Rodriguez, Alvaro Diez
author_facet Ulu, Anılcan
Yildiz, Güray
Özkol, Ünver
Rodriguez, Alvaro Diez
author_sort Ulu, Anılcan
collection PubMed
description ABSTRACT: Biodiesels are mainly produced via the utilization of methanol in transesterification, which is the widespread biodiesel production process. The majority of this methanol is currently obtained from fossil resources, i.e. coal and natural gas. However, in contrast with methanol, biomass-based ethanol can also be used to produce biodiesels; this could allow the production line to become fully renewable. This study aimed to investigate the spray characteristics of various ethyl ester type biodiesels derived from sunflower and corn oils in comparison to methyl esters based on the same feedstocks and reference petroleum-based diesel. Spray penetration length (SPL) and spray cone angle (SCA) were experimentally evaluated in a constant volume chamber allowing optical access, under chamber pressures of 0, 5, 10 and 15 bar and injection pressures of 600 and 800 bar. Sauter mean diameter (SMD) values were estimated by using an analytical correlation. Consequently, ethyl esters performed longer SPL (2.8–20%) and narrower SCA (5.1–19%) than diesel under ambient pressures of 5 and 10 bar. Although the SMD values of ethyl esters were 48% higher than diesel on average, their macroscopic spray characteristics were very similar to those of diesel under 15 bar chamber pressure. Moreover, ethyl esters were found to be very similar to methyl esters in terms of spray characteristics. The differences in SPL, SCA and SMD values for both types of biodiesels were lower than 4%. When considering the uncertainty (± 0.84%) and repeatability (±5%) ratios, the difference between the spray characteristics of methyl and ethyl esters was not major. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text]
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spelling pubmed-88728002022-02-25 Experimental investigation of spray characteristics of ethyl esters in a constant volume chamber Ulu, Anılcan Yildiz, Güray Özkol, Ünver Rodriguez, Alvaro Diez Biomass Convers Biorefin Original Article ABSTRACT: Biodiesels are mainly produced via the utilization of methanol in transesterification, which is the widespread biodiesel production process. The majority of this methanol is currently obtained from fossil resources, i.e. coal and natural gas. However, in contrast with methanol, biomass-based ethanol can also be used to produce biodiesels; this could allow the production line to become fully renewable. This study aimed to investigate the spray characteristics of various ethyl ester type biodiesels derived from sunflower and corn oils in comparison to methyl esters based on the same feedstocks and reference petroleum-based diesel. Spray penetration length (SPL) and spray cone angle (SCA) were experimentally evaluated in a constant volume chamber allowing optical access, under chamber pressures of 0, 5, 10 and 15 bar and injection pressures of 600 and 800 bar. Sauter mean diameter (SMD) values were estimated by using an analytical correlation. Consequently, ethyl esters performed longer SPL (2.8–20%) and narrower SCA (5.1–19%) than diesel under ambient pressures of 5 and 10 bar. Although the SMD values of ethyl esters were 48% higher than diesel on average, their macroscopic spray characteristics were very similar to those of diesel under 15 bar chamber pressure. Moreover, ethyl esters were found to be very similar to methyl esters in terms of spray characteristics. The differences in SPL, SCA and SMD values for both types of biodiesels were lower than 4%. When considering the uncertainty (± 0.84%) and repeatability (±5%) ratios, the difference between the spray characteristics of methyl and ethyl esters was not major. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2022-02-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8872800/ /pubmed/35233347 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-02476-3 Text en © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022 This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
spellingShingle Original Article
Ulu, Anılcan
Yildiz, Güray
Özkol, Ünver
Rodriguez, Alvaro Diez
Experimental investigation of spray characteristics of ethyl esters in a constant volume chamber
title Experimental investigation of spray characteristics of ethyl esters in a constant volume chamber
title_full Experimental investigation of spray characteristics of ethyl esters in a constant volume chamber
title_fullStr Experimental investigation of spray characteristics of ethyl esters in a constant volume chamber
title_full_unstemmed Experimental investigation of spray characteristics of ethyl esters in a constant volume chamber
title_short Experimental investigation of spray characteristics of ethyl esters in a constant volume chamber
title_sort experimental investigation of spray characteristics of ethyl esters in a constant volume chamber
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8872800/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35233347
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-02476-3
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