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Excess risk and clusters of symptoms after COVID-19 in a large Norwegian cohort
Physical, psychological and cognitive symptoms have been reported as post-acute sequelae for COVID-19 patients but are also common in the general uninfected population. We aimed to calculate the excess risk and identify patterns of 22 symptoms up to 12 months after COVID-19. We followed more than 70...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Netherlands
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8872922/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35211871 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10654-022-00847-8 |
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author | Caspersen, Ida Henriette Magnus, Per Trogstad, Lill |
author_facet | Caspersen, Ida Henriette Magnus, Per Trogstad, Lill |
author_sort | Caspersen, Ida Henriette |
collection | PubMed |
description | Physical, psychological and cognitive symptoms have been reported as post-acute sequelae for COVID-19 patients but are also common in the general uninfected population. We aimed to calculate the excess risk and identify patterns of 22 symptoms up to 12 months after COVID-19. We followed more than 70,000 adult participants in an ongoing cohort study, the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Infected and non-infected participants registered presence of 22 different symptoms in March 2021. One year after infection, 13 of 22 symptoms were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, based on relative risks between infected and uninfected subjects. For instance, 17.4% of SARS-CoV-2 infected cohort participants reported fatigue that persist 12 months after infection, compared to new occurrence of fatigue that had lasted less than 12 months in 3.8% of non-infected subjects (excess risk 13.6%). The adjusted relative risk for fatigue was 4.8 (95% CI 3.5–6.7). Two main underlying factors explained 50% of the variance in the 13 symptoms. Brain fog, poor memory, dizziness, heart palpitations, and fatigue had high loadings on the first factor, while shortness-of breath and cough had high loadings on the second factor. Lack of taste and smell showed low to moderate correlation to other symptoms. Anxiety, depression and mood swings were not strongly related to COVID-19. Our results suggest that there are clusters of symptoms after COVID-19 due to different mechanisms and question whether it is meaningful to describe long COVID as one syndrome. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10654-022-00847-8. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8872922 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Springer Netherlands |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88729222022-02-25 Excess risk and clusters of symptoms after COVID-19 in a large Norwegian cohort Caspersen, Ida Henriette Magnus, Per Trogstad, Lill Eur J Epidemiol Covid-19 Physical, psychological and cognitive symptoms have been reported as post-acute sequelae for COVID-19 patients but are also common in the general uninfected population. We aimed to calculate the excess risk and identify patterns of 22 symptoms up to 12 months after COVID-19. We followed more than 70,000 adult participants in an ongoing cohort study, the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Infected and non-infected participants registered presence of 22 different symptoms in March 2021. One year after infection, 13 of 22 symptoms were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, based on relative risks between infected and uninfected subjects. For instance, 17.4% of SARS-CoV-2 infected cohort participants reported fatigue that persist 12 months after infection, compared to new occurrence of fatigue that had lasted less than 12 months in 3.8% of non-infected subjects (excess risk 13.6%). The adjusted relative risk for fatigue was 4.8 (95% CI 3.5–6.7). Two main underlying factors explained 50% of the variance in the 13 symptoms. Brain fog, poor memory, dizziness, heart palpitations, and fatigue had high loadings on the first factor, while shortness-of breath and cough had high loadings on the second factor. Lack of taste and smell showed low to moderate correlation to other symptoms. Anxiety, depression and mood swings were not strongly related to COVID-19. Our results suggest that there are clusters of symptoms after COVID-19 due to different mechanisms and question whether it is meaningful to describe long COVID as one syndrome. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10654-022-00847-8. Springer Netherlands 2022-02-25 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC8872922/ /pubmed/35211871 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10654-022-00847-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Covid-19 Caspersen, Ida Henriette Magnus, Per Trogstad, Lill Excess risk and clusters of symptoms after COVID-19 in a large Norwegian cohort |
title | Excess risk and clusters of symptoms after COVID-19 in a large Norwegian cohort |
title_full | Excess risk and clusters of symptoms after COVID-19 in a large Norwegian cohort |
title_fullStr | Excess risk and clusters of symptoms after COVID-19 in a large Norwegian cohort |
title_full_unstemmed | Excess risk and clusters of symptoms after COVID-19 in a large Norwegian cohort |
title_short | Excess risk and clusters of symptoms after COVID-19 in a large Norwegian cohort |
title_sort | excess risk and clusters of symptoms after covid-19 in a large norwegian cohort |
topic | Covid-19 |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8872922/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35211871 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10654-022-00847-8 |
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