Cargando…

Desmoplakin Maintains Transcellular Keratin Scaffolding and Protects From Intestinal Injury

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Desmosomes are intercellular junctions connecting keratin intermediate filaments of neighboring cells. The cadherins desmoglein 2 (Dsg2) and desmocollin 2 mediate cell–cell adhesion, whereas desmoplakin (Dsp) provides the attachment of desmosomes to keratins. Although the impo...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Gross, Annika, Zhou, Biaohuan, Bewersdorf, Lisa, Schwarz, Nicole, Schacht, Gabriel M., Boor, Peter, Hoeft, Konrad, Hoffmann, Bernd, Fuchs, Elaine, Kramann, Rafael, Merkel, Rudolf, Leube, Rudolf E., Strnad, Pavel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8873596/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34929421
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.12.009
_version_ 1784657503226691584
author Gross, Annika
Zhou, Biaohuan
Bewersdorf, Lisa
Schwarz, Nicole
Schacht, Gabriel M.
Boor, Peter
Hoeft, Konrad
Hoffmann, Bernd
Fuchs, Elaine
Kramann, Rafael
Merkel, Rudolf
Leube, Rudolf E.
Strnad, Pavel
author_facet Gross, Annika
Zhou, Biaohuan
Bewersdorf, Lisa
Schwarz, Nicole
Schacht, Gabriel M.
Boor, Peter
Hoeft, Konrad
Hoffmann, Bernd
Fuchs, Elaine
Kramann, Rafael
Merkel, Rudolf
Leube, Rudolf E.
Strnad, Pavel
author_sort Gross, Annika
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND & AIMS: Desmosomes are intercellular junctions connecting keratin intermediate filaments of neighboring cells. The cadherins desmoglein 2 (Dsg2) and desmocollin 2 mediate cell–cell adhesion, whereas desmoplakin (Dsp) provides the attachment of desmosomes to keratins. Although the importance of the desmosome–keratin network is well established in mechanically challenged tissues, we aimed to assess the currently understudied function of desmosomal proteins in intestinal epithelia. METHODS: We analyzed the intestine-specific villin-Cre DSP (DSP(ΔIEC)) and the combined intestine-specific DSG2/DSP(ΔIEC) (ΔDsg2/Dsp) knockout mice. Cross-breeding with keratin 8–yellow fluorescent protein knock-in mice and generation of organoids was performed to visualize the keratin network. A Dsp-deficient colorectal carcinoma HT29-derived cell line was generated and the role of Dsp in adhesion and mechanical stress was studied in dispase assays, after exposure to uniaxial cell stretching and during scratch assay. RESULTS: The intestine of DSP(ΔIEC) mice was histopathologically inconspicuous. Intestinal epithelial cells, however, showed an accelerated migration along the crypt and an enhanced shedding into the lumen. Increased intestinal permeability and altered levels of desmosomal proteins were detected. An inconspicuous phenotype also was seen in ΔDsg2/Dsp mice. After dextran sodium sulfate treatment, DSP(ΔIEC) mice developed more pronounced colitis. A retracted keratin network was seen in the intestinal epithelium of DSP(ΔIEC)/keratin 8–yellow fluorescent protein mice and organoids derived from these mice presented a collapsed keratin network. The level, phosphorylation status, and solubility of keratins were not affected. Dsp-deficient HT29 cells had an impaired cell adhesion and suffered from increased cellular damage after stretch. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that Dsp is required for proper keratin network architecture in intestinal epithelia, mechanical resilience, and adhesion, thereby protecting from injury.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8873596
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher Elsevier
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-88735962022-03-02 Desmoplakin Maintains Transcellular Keratin Scaffolding and Protects From Intestinal Injury Gross, Annika Zhou, Biaohuan Bewersdorf, Lisa Schwarz, Nicole Schacht, Gabriel M. Boor, Peter Hoeft, Konrad Hoffmann, Bernd Fuchs, Elaine Kramann, Rafael Merkel, Rudolf Leube, Rudolf E. Strnad, Pavel Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol Original Research BACKGROUND & AIMS: Desmosomes are intercellular junctions connecting keratin intermediate filaments of neighboring cells. The cadherins desmoglein 2 (Dsg2) and desmocollin 2 mediate cell–cell adhesion, whereas desmoplakin (Dsp) provides the attachment of desmosomes to keratins. Although the importance of the desmosome–keratin network is well established in mechanically challenged tissues, we aimed to assess the currently understudied function of desmosomal proteins in intestinal epithelia. METHODS: We analyzed the intestine-specific villin-Cre DSP (DSP(ΔIEC)) and the combined intestine-specific DSG2/DSP(ΔIEC) (ΔDsg2/Dsp) knockout mice. Cross-breeding with keratin 8–yellow fluorescent protein knock-in mice and generation of organoids was performed to visualize the keratin network. A Dsp-deficient colorectal carcinoma HT29-derived cell line was generated and the role of Dsp in adhesion and mechanical stress was studied in dispase assays, after exposure to uniaxial cell stretching and during scratch assay. RESULTS: The intestine of DSP(ΔIEC) mice was histopathologically inconspicuous. Intestinal epithelial cells, however, showed an accelerated migration along the crypt and an enhanced shedding into the lumen. Increased intestinal permeability and altered levels of desmosomal proteins were detected. An inconspicuous phenotype also was seen in ΔDsg2/Dsp mice. After dextran sodium sulfate treatment, DSP(ΔIEC) mice developed more pronounced colitis. A retracted keratin network was seen in the intestinal epithelium of DSP(ΔIEC)/keratin 8–yellow fluorescent protein mice and organoids derived from these mice presented a collapsed keratin network. The level, phosphorylation status, and solubility of keratins were not affected. Dsp-deficient HT29 cells had an impaired cell adhesion and suffered from increased cellular damage after stretch. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that Dsp is required for proper keratin network architecture in intestinal epithelia, mechanical resilience, and adhesion, thereby protecting from injury. Elsevier 2021-12-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8873596/ /pubmed/34929421 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.12.009 Text en © 2021 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Original Research
Gross, Annika
Zhou, Biaohuan
Bewersdorf, Lisa
Schwarz, Nicole
Schacht, Gabriel M.
Boor, Peter
Hoeft, Konrad
Hoffmann, Bernd
Fuchs, Elaine
Kramann, Rafael
Merkel, Rudolf
Leube, Rudolf E.
Strnad, Pavel
Desmoplakin Maintains Transcellular Keratin Scaffolding and Protects From Intestinal Injury
title Desmoplakin Maintains Transcellular Keratin Scaffolding and Protects From Intestinal Injury
title_full Desmoplakin Maintains Transcellular Keratin Scaffolding and Protects From Intestinal Injury
title_fullStr Desmoplakin Maintains Transcellular Keratin Scaffolding and Protects From Intestinal Injury
title_full_unstemmed Desmoplakin Maintains Transcellular Keratin Scaffolding and Protects From Intestinal Injury
title_short Desmoplakin Maintains Transcellular Keratin Scaffolding and Protects From Intestinal Injury
title_sort desmoplakin maintains transcellular keratin scaffolding and protects from intestinal injury
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8873596/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34929421
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.12.009
work_keys_str_mv AT grossannika desmoplakinmaintainstranscellularkeratinscaffoldingandprotectsfromintestinalinjury
AT zhoubiaohuan desmoplakinmaintainstranscellularkeratinscaffoldingandprotectsfromintestinalinjury
AT bewersdorflisa desmoplakinmaintainstranscellularkeratinscaffoldingandprotectsfromintestinalinjury
AT schwarznicole desmoplakinmaintainstranscellularkeratinscaffoldingandprotectsfromintestinalinjury
AT schachtgabrielm desmoplakinmaintainstranscellularkeratinscaffoldingandprotectsfromintestinalinjury
AT boorpeter desmoplakinmaintainstranscellularkeratinscaffoldingandprotectsfromintestinalinjury
AT hoeftkonrad desmoplakinmaintainstranscellularkeratinscaffoldingandprotectsfromintestinalinjury
AT hoffmannbernd desmoplakinmaintainstranscellularkeratinscaffoldingandprotectsfromintestinalinjury
AT fuchselaine desmoplakinmaintainstranscellularkeratinscaffoldingandprotectsfromintestinalinjury
AT kramannrafael desmoplakinmaintainstranscellularkeratinscaffoldingandprotectsfromintestinalinjury
AT merkelrudolf desmoplakinmaintainstranscellularkeratinscaffoldingandprotectsfromintestinalinjury
AT leuberudolfe desmoplakinmaintainstranscellularkeratinscaffoldingandprotectsfromintestinalinjury
AT strnadpavel desmoplakinmaintainstranscellularkeratinscaffoldingandprotectsfromintestinalinjury