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Characterization of immune cell infiltrate in tumor stroma and epithelial compartments in oral squamous cell carcinomas of Sudanese patients

BACKGROUND: Tumor immune infiltrate has been explored in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), but studies on simultaneous characterization of multiple immune cell subtypes separately in stromal and intraepithelial tumor compartments are limited. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the immune cell in...

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Autores principales: Gaafar, Nuha Mohamed, Osman, Tarig Al‐Hadi, Ahmed, Israa Abdulrahman, Elsheikh, Mariam, Dongre, Harsh, Jacobsen, Martha Rolland, Mohamed, Nazar Gafar, Fromreide, Siren, Suleiman, Ahmed Mohamed, Johannessen, Anne Christine, Nginamau, Elisabeth Sivy, Costea, Daniela Elena
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8874073/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34626165
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cre2.501
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author Gaafar, Nuha Mohamed
Osman, Tarig Al‐Hadi
Ahmed, Israa Abdulrahman
Elsheikh, Mariam
Dongre, Harsh
Jacobsen, Martha Rolland
Mohamed, Nazar Gafar
Fromreide, Siren
Suleiman, Ahmed Mohamed
Johannessen, Anne Christine
Nginamau, Elisabeth Sivy
Costea, Daniela Elena
author_facet Gaafar, Nuha Mohamed
Osman, Tarig Al‐Hadi
Ahmed, Israa Abdulrahman
Elsheikh, Mariam
Dongre, Harsh
Jacobsen, Martha Rolland
Mohamed, Nazar Gafar
Fromreide, Siren
Suleiman, Ahmed Mohamed
Johannessen, Anne Christine
Nginamau, Elisabeth Sivy
Costea, Daniela Elena
author_sort Gaafar, Nuha Mohamed
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Tumor immune infiltrate has been explored in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), but studies on simultaneous characterization of multiple immune cell subtypes separately in stromal and intraepithelial tumor compartments are limited. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the immune cell infiltrate in OSCC by using immunohistochemistry (IHC) for a panel of inflammatory cells in stromal and epithelial tumor compartments for a better characterization of the tumors. METHODS: Thirty‐six OSCC lesions and nine normal oral mucosa (NOM) samples from patients attending Khartoum Dental Teaching Hospital, Sudan were investigated for presence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, tumor‐associated macrophages, tumor‐associated neutrophils, and PD‐L1 positive cells in the inflammatory infiltrate by single and double IHC. Digital quantitative analysis (Aperio Technologies Inc.) was performed separately for stromal and epithelial compartments. RESULTS: OSCC cases displayed a higher inflammatory infiltrate in the associated stroma, but not in the epithelial compartment when compared to NOM. The immunosuppressive type of inflammatory infiltrate, that is, T regulatory cells (FoxP3(+) cells) was identified to be significantly higher in the epithelial compartment of tumors with advanced clinical state. An immunoscore developed by combining intraepithelial FoxP3(+) and CD4(+) cells was found significantly higher in lesions from elderly patients, localized at toombak dipping‐related sites, poorly differentiated OSCCs, or with loco‐regional lymph node spreading. CONCLUSIONS: Despite heavy immune cell infiltration in tumor‐associated stroma, the majority of OSCCs in this cohort displayed a low intraepithelial immune infiltration. An immunoscore based on combined CD4 and FoxP3 intraepithelial expression may serve as an indicator of advanced tumor progression and should be further investigated for its use as potential prognostic biomarker in OSCC.
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spelling pubmed-88740732022-02-28 Characterization of immune cell infiltrate in tumor stroma and epithelial compartments in oral squamous cell carcinomas of Sudanese patients Gaafar, Nuha Mohamed Osman, Tarig Al‐Hadi Ahmed, Israa Abdulrahman Elsheikh, Mariam Dongre, Harsh Jacobsen, Martha Rolland Mohamed, Nazar Gafar Fromreide, Siren Suleiman, Ahmed Mohamed Johannessen, Anne Christine Nginamau, Elisabeth Sivy Costea, Daniela Elena Clin Exp Dent Res Original Articles BACKGROUND: Tumor immune infiltrate has been explored in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), but studies on simultaneous characterization of multiple immune cell subtypes separately in stromal and intraepithelial tumor compartments are limited. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the immune cell infiltrate in OSCC by using immunohistochemistry (IHC) for a panel of inflammatory cells in stromal and epithelial tumor compartments for a better characterization of the tumors. METHODS: Thirty‐six OSCC lesions and nine normal oral mucosa (NOM) samples from patients attending Khartoum Dental Teaching Hospital, Sudan were investigated for presence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, tumor‐associated macrophages, tumor‐associated neutrophils, and PD‐L1 positive cells in the inflammatory infiltrate by single and double IHC. Digital quantitative analysis (Aperio Technologies Inc.) was performed separately for stromal and epithelial compartments. RESULTS: OSCC cases displayed a higher inflammatory infiltrate in the associated stroma, but not in the epithelial compartment when compared to NOM. The immunosuppressive type of inflammatory infiltrate, that is, T regulatory cells (FoxP3(+) cells) was identified to be significantly higher in the epithelial compartment of tumors with advanced clinical state. An immunoscore developed by combining intraepithelial FoxP3(+) and CD4(+) cells was found significantly higher in lesions from elderly patients, localized at toombak dipping‐related sites, poorly differentiated OSCCs, or with loco‐regional lymph node spreading. CONCLUSIONS: Despite heavy immune cell infiltration in tumor‐associated stroma, the majority of OSCCs in this cohort displayed a low intraepithelial immune infiltration. An immunoscore based on combined CD4 and FoxP3 intraepithelial expression may serve as an indicator of advanced tumor progression and should be further investigated for its use as potential prognostic biomarker in OSCC. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2021-10-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8874073/ /pubmed/34626165 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cre2.501 Text en © 2021 The Authors. Clinical and Experimental Dental Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Articles
Gaafar, Nuha Mohamed
Osman, Tarig Al‐Hadi
Ahmed, Israa Abdulrahman
Elsheikh, Mariam
Dongre, Harsh
Jacobsen, Martha Rolland
Mohamed, Nazar Gafar
Fromreide, Siren
Suleiman, Ahmed Mohamed
Johannessen, Anne Christine
Nginamau, Elisabeth Sivy
Costea, Daniela Elena
Characterization of immune cell infiltrate in tumor stroma and epithelial compartments in oral squamous cell carcinomas of Sudanese patients
title Characterization of immune cell infiltrate in tumor stroma and epithelial compartments in oral squamous cell carcinomas of Sudanese patients
title_full Characterization of immune cell infiltrate in tumor stroma and epithelial compartments in oral squamous cell carcinomas of Sudanese patients
title_fullStr Characterization of immune cell infiltrate in tumor stroma and epithelial compartments in oral squamous cell carcinomas of Sudanese patients
title_full_unstemmed Characterization of immune cell infiltrate in tumor stroma and epithelial compartments in oral squamous cell carcinomas of Sudanese patients
title_short Characterization of immune cell infiltrate in tumor stroma and epithelial compartments in oral squamous cell carcinomas of Sudanese patients
title_sort characterization of immune cell infiltrate in tumor stroma and epithelial compartments in oral squamous cell carcinomas of sudanese patients
topic Original Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8874073/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34626165
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cre2.501
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