Cargando…

3D-Printed HA-Based Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration: Microporosity, Osteoconduction and Osteoclastic Resorption

Additive manufacturing enables the realization of the macro- and microarchitecture of bone substitutes. The macroarchitecture is determined by the bone defect and its shape makes the implant patient specific. The preset distribution of the 3D-printed material in the macroarchitecture defines the mic...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Ghayor, Chafik, Bhattacharya, Indranil, Guerrero, Julien, Özcan, Mutlu, Weber, Franz E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8875550/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35207973
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15041433
_version_ 1784657940865613824
author Ghayor, Chafik
Bhattacharya, Indranil
Guerrero, Julien
Özcan, Mutlu
Weber, Franz E.
author_facet Ghayor, Chafik
Bhattacharya, Indranil
Guerrero, Julien
Özcan, Mutlu
Weber, Franz E.
author_sort Ghayor, Chafik
collection PubMed
description Additive manufacturing enables the realization of the macro- and microarchitecture of bone substitutes. The macroarchitecture is determined by the bone defect and its shape makes the implant patient specific. The preset distribution of the 3D-printed material in the macroarchitecture defines the microarchitecture. At the lower scale, the nanoarchitecture of 3D-printed scaffolds is dependent on the post-processing methodology such as the sintering temperature. However, the role of microarchitecture and nanoarchitecture of scaffolds for osteoconduction is still elusive. To address these aspects in more detail, we produced lithography-based osteoconductive scaffolds from hydroxyapatite (HA) of identical macro- and microarchitecture and varied their nanoarchitecture, such as microporosity, by increasing the maximum sintering temperatures from 1100 to 1400 °C. The different scaffold types were characterized for microporosity, compression strength, and nanoarchitecture. The in vivo results, based on a rabbit calvarial defect model showed that bony ingrowth, as a measure of osteoconduction, was independent from scaffold’s microporosity. The same applies to in vitro osteoclastic resorbability, since on all tested scaffold types, osteoclasts formed on their surfaces and resorption pits upon exposure to mature osteoclasts were visible. Thus, for wide-open porous HA-based scaffolds, a low degree of microporosity and high mechanical strength yield optimal osteoconduction and creeping substitution. Based on our study, non-unions, the major complication during demanding bone regeneration procedures, could be prevented.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8875550
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-88755502022-02-26 3D-Printed HA-Based Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration: Microporosity, Osteoconduction and Osteoclastic Resorption Ghayor, Chafik Bhattacharya, Indranil Guerrero, Julien Özcan, Mutlu Weber, Franz E. Materials (Basel) Article Additive manufacturing enables the realization of the macro- and microarchitecture of bone substitutes. The macroarchitecture is determined by the bone defect and its shape makes the implant patient specific. The preset distribution of the 3D-printed material in the macroarchitecture defines the microarchitecture. At the lower scale, the nanoarchitecture of 3D-printed scaffolds is dependent on the post-processing methodology such as the sintering temperature. However, the role of microarchitecture and nanoarchitecture of scaffolds for osteoconduction is still elusive. To address these aspects in more detail, we produced lithography-based osteoconductive scaffolds from hydroxyapatite (HA) of identical macro- and microarchitecture and varied their nanoarchitecture, such as microporosity, by increasing the maximum sintering temperatures from 1100 to 1400 °C. The different scaffold types were characterized for microporosity, compression strength, and nanoarchitecture. The in vivo results, based on a rabbit calvarial defect model showed that bony ingrowth, as a measure of osteoconduction, was independent from scaffold’s microporosity. The same applies to in vitro osteoclastic resorbability, since on all tested scaffold types, osteoclasts formed on their surfaces and resorption pits upon exposure to mature osteoclasts were visible. Thus, for wide-open porous HA-based scaffolds, a low degree of microporosity and high mechanical strength yield optimal osteoconduction and creeping substitution. Based on our study, non-unions, the major complication during demanding bone regeneration procedures, could be prevented. MDPI 2022-02-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8875550/ /pubmed/35207973 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15041433 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ghayor, Chafik
Bhattacharya, Indranil
Guerrero, Julien
Özcan, Mutlu
Weber, Franz E.
3D-Printed HA-Based Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration: Microporosity, Osteoconduction and Osteoclastic Resorption
title 3D-Printed HA-Based Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration: Microporosity, Osteoconduction and Osteoclastic Resorption
title_full 3D-Printed HA-Based Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration: Microporosity, Osteoconduction and Osteoclastic Resorption
title_fullStr 3D-Printed HA-Based Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration: Microporosity, Osteoconduction and Osteoclastic Resorption
title_full_unstemmed 3D-Printed HA-Based Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration: Microporosity, Osteoconduction and Osteoclastic Resorption
title_short 3D-Printed HA-Based Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration: Microporosity, Osteoconduction and Osteoclastic Resorption
title_sort 3d-printed ha-based scaffolds for bone regeneration: microporosity, osteoconduction and osteoclastic resorption
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8875550/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35207973
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15041433
work_keys_str_mv AT ghayorchafik 3dprintedhabasedscaffoldsforboneregenerationmicroporosityosteoconductionandosteoclasticresorption
AT bhattacharyaindranil 3dprintedhabasedscaffoldsforboneregenerationmicroporosityosteoconductionandosteoclasticresorption
AT guerrerojulien 3dprintedhabasedscaffoldsforboneregenerationmicroporosityosteoconductionandosteoclasticresorption
AT ozcanmutlu 3dprintedhabasedscaffoldsforboneregenerationmicroporosityosteoconductionandosteoclasticresorption
AT weberfranze 3dprintedhabasedscaffoldsforboneregenerationmicroporosityosteoconductionandosteoclasticresorption