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Susceptibility of Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) to AIP56, an AB-Type Toxin Secreted by Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida
Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (Phdp) is a Gram-negative bacterium that infects a large number of marine fish species in Europe, Asia, and America, both in aquacultures and in the natural environment. Among the affected hosts are economically important cultured fish, such as sea bream (Spa...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8875918/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35202146 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14020119 |
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author | Freitas, Inês Lua Teixeira, Alexandra Loureiro, Inês Lisboa, Johnny Saraiva, Aurélia dos Santos, Nuno Miguel Simões do Vale, Ana |
author_facet | Freitas, Inês Lua Teixeira, Alexandra Loureiro, Inês Lisboa, Johnny Saraiva, Aurélia dos Santos, Nuno Miguel Simões do Vale, Ana |
author_sort | Freitas, Inês Lua |
collection | PubMed |
description | Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (Phdp) is a Gram-negative bacterium that infects a large number of marine fish species in Europe, Asia, and America, both in aquacultures and in the natural environment. Among the affected hosts are economically important cultured fish, such as sea bream (Sparus aurata), sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata), and cobia (Rachycentron canadum). The best characterized virulence factor of Phdp is the Apoptosis-Inducing Protein of 56 kDa (AIP56), a secreted AB-type toxin that has been shown to induce apoptosis of sea bass phagocytes during infection. AIP56 has an A subunit that displays metalloprotease activity against NF-kB p65 and a B subunit that mediates binding and internalization of the A subunit in susceptible cells. Despite the fact that the aip56 gene is highly prevalent in Phdp isolates from different fish species, the toxicity of AIP56 has only been studied in sea bass. In the present study, the toxicity of AIP56 for sea bream was evaluated. Ex vivo assays showed that sea bream phagocytes are resistant to AIP56 cytotoxicity and that resistance was associated with an inefficient internalization of the toxin by those cells. Accordingly, in vivo intoxication assays revealed that sea bream is much more resistant to AIP56-induced lethality than sea bass. These findings, showing that the effect of AIP56 is different in sea bass and sea bream, set the basis for future studies to characterize the effects of AIP56 and to fully elucidate its virulence role in different Phdp susceptible hosts. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8875918 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88759182022-02-26 Susceptibility of Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) to AIP56, an AB-Type Toxin Secreted by Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida Freitas, Inês Lua Teixeira, Alexandra Loureiro, Inês Lisboa, Johnny Saraiva, Aurélia dos Santos, Nuno Miguel Simões do Vale, Ana Toxins (Basel) Article Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (Phdp) is a Gram-negative bacterium that infects a large number of marine fish species in Europe, Asia, and America, both in aquacultures and in the natural environment. Among the affected hosts are economically important cultured fish, such as sea bream (Sparus aurata), sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata), and cobia (Rachycentron canadum). The best characterized virulence factor of Phdp is the Apoptosis-Inducing Protein of 56 kDa (AIP56), a secreted AB-type toxin that has been shown to induce apoptosis of sea bass phagocytes during infection. AIP56 has an A subunit that displays metalloprotease activity against NF-kB p65 and a B subunit that mediates binding and internalization of the A subunit in susceptible cells. Despite the fact that the aip56 gene is highly prevalent in Phdp isolates from different fish species, the toxicity of AIP56 has only been studied in sea bass. In the present study, the toxicity of AIP56 for sea bream was evaluated. Ex vivo assays showed that sea bream phagocytes are resistant to AIP56 cytotoxicity and that resistance was associated with an inefficient internalization of the toxin by those cells. Accordingly, in vivo intoxication assays revealed that sea bream is much more resistant to AIP56-induced lethality than sea bass. These findings, showing that the effect of AIP56 is different in sea bass and sea bream, set the basis for future studies to characterize the effects of AIP56 and to fully elucidate its virulence role in different Phdp susceptible hosts. MDPI 2022-02-05 /pmc/articles/PMC8875918/ /pubmed/35202146 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14020119 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Freitas, Inês Lua Teixeira, Alexandra Loureiro, Inês Lisboa, Johnny Saraiva, Aurélia dos Santos, Nuno Miguel Simões do Vale, Ana Susceptibility of Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) to AIP56, an AB-Type Toxin Secreted by Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida |
title | Susceptibility of Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) to AIP56, an AB-Type Toxin Secreted by Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida |
title_full | Susceptibility of Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) to AIP56, an AB-Type Toxin Secreted by Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida |
title_fullStr | Susceptibility of Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) to AIP56, an AB-Type Toxin Secreted by Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida |
title_full_unstemmed | Susceptibility of Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) to AIP56, an AB-Type Toxin Secreted by Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida |
title_short | Susceptibility of Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) to AIP56, an AB-Type Toxin Secreted by Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida |
title_sort | susceptibility of sea bream (sparus aurata) to aip56, an ab-type toxin secreted by photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8875918/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35202146 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14020119 |
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