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Low-Concentration T-2 Toxin Attenuates Pseudorabies Virus Replication in Porcine Kidney 15 Cells

Pseudorabies, caused by pseudorabies virus (PRV), is the main highly infectious disease that severely affects the pig industry globally. T-2 toxin (T2), a significant mycotoxin, is widely spread in food and feeds and shows high toxicity to mammals. The potential mechanism of the interaction between...

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Autores principales: Xiong, Kuankuan, Tan, Lei, Yi, Siliang, Wu, Yingxin, Hu, Yi, Wang, Aibing, Yang, Lingchen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8876018/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35202147
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14020121
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author Xiong, Kuankuan
Tan, Lei
Yi, Siliang
Wu, Yingxin
Hu, Yi
Wang, Aibing
Yang, Lingchen
author_facet Xiong, Kuankuan
Tan, Lei
Yi, Siliang
Wu, Yingxin
Hu, Yi
Wang, Aibing
Yang, Lingchen
author_sort Xiong, Kuankuan
collection PubMed
description Pseudorabies, caused by pseudorabies virus (PRV), is the main highly infectious disease that severely affects the pig industry globally. T-2 toxin (T2), a significant mycotoxin, is widely spread in food and feeds and shows high toxicity to mammals. The potential mechanism of the interaction between viruses and toxins is of great research value because revealing this mechanism may provide new ideas for their joint prevention and control. In this study, we investigated the effect of T2 on PRV replication and the mechanism of action. The results showed that at a low dose (10 nM), T2 had no significant effect on porcine kidney 15 (PK15) cell viability. However, this T2 concentration alleviated PRV-induced cell injury and increased cell survival time. Additionally, the number of PK15 cells infected with PRV significantly reduced by T2 treatment. Similarly, T2 significantly decreased the copy number of PRV. Investigation of the mechanism revealed that 10 nM T2 significantly inhibits PRV replication and leads to downregulation of oxidative stress- and apoptosis-related genes. These results suggest that oxidative stress and apoptosis are involved in the inhibition of PRV replication in PK15 cells by low-concentration T2. Taken together, we demonstrated the protective effects of T2 against PRV infection. A low T2 concentration inhibited the replication of PRV in PK15 cells, and this process was accompanied by downregulation of the oxidative stress and apoptosis signaling pathways. Our findings partly explain the interaction mechanism between T2 and PRV, relating to oxidative stress and apoptosis, though further research is required.
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spelling pubmed-88760182022-02-26 Low-Concentration T-2 Toxin Attenuates Pseudorabies Virus Replication in Porcine Kidney 15 Cells Xiong, Kuankuan Tan, Lei Yi, Siliang Wu, Yingxin Hu, Yi Wang, Aibing Yang, Lingchen Toxins (Basel) Article Pseudorabies, caused by pseudorabies virus (PRV), is the main highly infectious disease that severely affects the pig industry globally. T-2 toxin (T2), a significant mycotoxin, is widely spread in food and feeds and shows high toxicity to mammals. The potential mechanism of the interaction between viruses and toxins is of great research value because revealing this mechanism may provide new ideas for their joint prevention and control. In this study, we investigated the effect of T2 on PRV replication and the mechanism of action. The results showed that at a low dose (10 nM), T2 had no significant effect on porcine kidney 15 (PK15) cell viability. However, this T2 concentration alleviated PRV-induced cell injury and increased cell survival time. Additionally, the number of PK15 cells infected with PRV significantly reduced by T2 treatment. Similarly, T2 significantly decreased the copy number of PRV. Investigation of the mechanism revealed that 10 nM T2 significantly inhibits PRV replication and leads to downregulation of oxidative stress- and apoptosis-related genes. These results suggest that oxidative stress and apoptosis are involved in the inhibition of PRV replication in PK15 cells by low-concentration T2. Taken together, we demonstrated the protective effects of T2 against PRV infection. A low T2 concentration inhibited the replication of PRV in PK15 cells, and this process was accompanied by downregulation of the oxidative stress and apoptosis signaling pathways. Our findings partly explain the interaction mechanism between T2 and PRV, relating to oxidative stress and apoptosis, though further research is required. MDPI 2022-02-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8876018/ /pubmed/35202147 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14020121 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Xiong, Kuankuan
Tan, Lei
Yi, Siliang
Wu, Yingxin
Hu, Yi
Wang, Aibing
Yang, Lingchen
Low-Concentration T-2 Toxin Attenuates Pseudorabies Virus Replication in Porcine Kidney 15 Cells
title Low-Concentration T-2 Toxin Attenuates Pseudorabies Virus Replication in Porcine Kidney 15 Cells
title_full Low-Concentration T-2 Toxin Attenuates Pseudorabies Virus Replication in Porcine Kidney 15 Cells
title_fullStr Low-Concentration T-2 Toxin Attenuates Pseudorabies Virus Replication in Porcine Kidney 15 Cells
title_full_unstemmed Low-Concentration T-2 Toxin Attenuates Pseudorabies Virus Replication in Porcine Kidney 15 Cells
title_short Low-Concentration T-2 Toxin Attenuates Pseudorabies Virus Replication in Porcine Kidney 15 Cells
title_sort low-concentration t-2 toxin attenuates pseudorabies virus replication in porcine kidney 15 cells
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8876018/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35202147
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14020121
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