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Coffee Leaf Rust (Hemileia vastatrix) from the Recent Invasion into Hawaii Shares a Genotypic Relationship with Latin American Populations

Hawaii has long been one of the last coffee-producing regions of the world free of coffee leaf rust (CLR) disease, which is caused by the biotrophic fungus Hemileia vastatrix. However, CLR was detected in coffee farms and feral coffee on the island of Maui in February 2020 and subsequently on other...

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Autores principales: Ramírez-Camejo, Luis A., Keith, Lisa M., Matsumoto, Tracie, Sugiyama, Lionel, Fukada, Mach, Brann, Mia, Moffitt, Ariana, Liu, Jingyu, Aime, M. Catherine
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8877902/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35205944
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8020189
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author Ramírez-Camejo, Luis A.
Keith, Lisa M.
Matsumoto, Tracie
Sugiyama, Lionel
Fukada, Mach
Brann, Mia
Moffitt, Ariana
Liu, Jingyu
Aime, M. Catherine
author_facet Ramírez-Camejo, Luis A.
Keith, Lisa M.
Matsumoto, Tracie
Sugiyama, Lionel
Fukada, Mach
Brann, Mia
Moffitt, Ariana
Liu, Jingyu
Aime, M. Catherine
author_sort Ramírez-Camejo, Luis A.
collection PubMed
description Hawaii has long been one of the last coffee-producing regions of the world free of coffee leaf rust (CLR) disease, which is caused by the biotrophic fungus Hemileia vastatrix. However, CLR was detected in coffee farms and feral coffee on the island of Maui in February 2020 and subsequently on other islands of the Hawaiian archipelago. The source of the outbreak in Hawaii is not known, and CLR could have entered Hawaii from more than 50 coffee-producing nations that harbor the pathogen. To determine the source(s) of the Hawaii inoculum, we analyzed a set of eleven simple sequence repeat markers (SSRs) generated from Hawaii isolates within a dataset of 434 CLR isolates collected from 17 countries spanning both old and new world populations, and then conducted a minimum spanning network (MSN) analysis to trace the most likely pathway that H. vastatrix could have taken to Hawaii. Forty-two multilocus genotypes (MLGs) of H. vastatrix were found in the global dataset, with all isolates from Hawaii assignable to MLG 10 or derived from it. MLG 10 is widespread in Central America and Jamaica, making this region the most probable source of inoculum for the outbreak in Hawaii. An examination of global weather patterns during the months preceding the introduction of CLR makes it unlikely that the pathogen was windborne to the islands. Likely scenarios for the introduction of CLR to Hawaii are the accidental introduction of spores or infected plant material by travelers or seasonal workers, or improperly fumigated coffee shipments originating from Central America or the Caribbean islands.
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spelling pubmed-88779022022-02-26 Coffee Leaf Rust (Hemileia vastatrix) from the Recent Invasion into Hawaii Shares a Genotypic Relationship with Latin American Populations Ramírez-Camejo, Luis A. Keith, Lisa M. Matsumoto, Tracie Sugiyama, Lionel Fukada, Mach Brann, Mia Moffitt, Ariana Liu, Jingyu Aime, M. Catherine J Fungi (Basel) Article Hawaii has long been one of the last coffee-producing regions of the world free of coffee leaf rust (CLR) disease, which is caused by the biotrophic fungus Hemileia vastatrix. However, CLR was detected in coffee farms and feral coffee on the island of Maui in February 2020 and subsequently on other islands of the Hawaiian archipelago. The source of the outbreak in Hawaii is not known, and CLR could have entered Hawaii from more than 50 coffee-producing nations that harbor the pathogen. To determine the source(s) of the Hawaii inoculum, we analyzed a set of eleven simple sequence repeat markers (SSRs) generated from Hawaii isolates within a dataset of 434 CLR isolates collected from 17 countries spanning both old and new world populations, and then conducted a minimum spanning network (MSN) analysis to trace the most likely pathway that H. vastatrix could have taken to Hawaii. Forty-two multilocus genotypes (MLGs) of H. vastatrix were found in the global dataset, with all isolates from Hawaii assignable to MLG 10 or derived from it. MLG 10 is widespread in Central America and Jamaica, making this region the most probable source of inoculum for the outbreak in Hawaii. An examination of global weather patterns during the months preceding the introduction of CLR makes it unlikely that the pathogen was windborne to the islands. Likely scenarios for the introduction of CLR to Hawaii are the accidental introduction of spores or infected plant material by travelers or seasonal workers, or improperly fumigated coffee shipments originating from Central America or the Caribbean islands. MDPI 2022-02-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8877902/ /pubmed/35205944 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8020189 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ramírez-Camejo, Luis A.
Keith, Lisa M.
Matsumoto, Tracie
Sugiyama, Lionel
Fukada, Mach
Brann, Mia
Moffitt, Ariana
Liu, Jingyu
Aime, M. Catherine
Coffee Leaf Rust (Hemileia vastatrix) from the Recent Invasion into Hawaii Shares a Genotypic Relationship with Latin American Populations
title Coffee Leaf Rust (Hemileia vastatrix) from the Recent Invasion into Hawaii Shares a Genotypic Relationship with Latin American Populations
title_full Coffee Leaf Rust (Hemileia vastatrix) from the Recent Invasion into Hawaii Shares a Genotypic Relationship with Latin American Populations
title_fullStr Coffee Leaf Rust (Hemileia vastatrix) from the Recent Invasion into Hawaii Shares a Genotypic Relationship with Latin American Populations
title_full_unstemmed Coffee Leaf Rust (Hemileia vastatrix) from the Recent Invasion into Hawaii Shares a Genotypic Relationship with Latin American Populations
title_short Coffee Leaf Rust (Hemileia vastatrix) from the Recent Invasion into Hawaii Shares a Genotypic Relationship with Latin American Populations
title_sort coffee leaf rust (hemileia vastatrix) from the recent invasion into hawaii shares a genotypic relationship with latin american populations
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8877902/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35205944
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8020189
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