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Comparative Study of Metal Substrates for Improved Carbonization of Electrospun PAN Nanofibers

Carbon nanofibers are used for a broad range of applications, from nano-composites to energy storage devices. They are typically produced from electrospun poly(acrylonitrile) nanofibers by thermal stabilization and carbonization. The nanofiber mats are usually placed freely movable in an oven, which...

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Autores principales: Storck, Jan Lukas, Wortmann, Martin, Brockhagen, Bennet, Frese, Natalie, Diestelhorst, Elise, Grothe, Timo, Hellert, Christian, Ehrmann, Andrea
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8877959/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35215634
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14040721
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author Storck, Jan Lukas
Wortmann, Martin
Brockhagen, Bennet
Frese, Natalie
Diestelhorst, Elise
Grothe, Timo
Hellert, Christian
Ehrmann, Andrea
author_facet Storck, Jan Lukas
Wortmann, Martin
Brockhagen, Bennet
Frese, Natalie
Diestelhorst, Elise
Grothe, Timo
Hellert, Christian
Ehrmann, Andrea
author_sort Storck, Jan Lukas
collection PubMed
description Carbon nanofibers are used for a broad range of applications, from nano-composites to energy storage devices. They are typically produced from electrospun poly(acrylonitrile) nanofibers by thermal stabilization and carbonization. The nanofiber mats are usually placed freely movable in an oven, which leads to relaxation of internal stress within the nanofibers, making them thicker and shorter. To preserve their pristine morphology they can be mechanically fixated, which may cause the nanofibers to break. In a previous study, we demonstrated that sandwiching the nanofiber mats between metal sheets retained their morphology during stabilization and incipient carbonization at 500 °C. Here, we present a comparative study of stainless steel, titanium, copper and silicon substrate sandwiches at carbonization temperatures of 500 °C, 800 °C and 1200 °C. Helium ion microscopy revealed that all metals mostly eliminated nanofiber deformation, whereas silicone achieved the best results in this regard. The highest temperatures for which the metals were shown to be applicable were 500 °C for silicon, 800 °C for stainless steel and copper, and 1200 °C for titanium. Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy revealed a higher degree of carbonization and increased crystallinity for higher temperatures, which was shown to depend on the substrate material.
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spelling pubmed-88779592022-02-26 Comparative Study of Metal Substrates for Improved Carbonization of Electrospun PAN Nanofibers Storck, Jan Lukas Wortmann, Martin Brockhagen, Bennet Frese, Natalie Diestelhorst, Elise Grothe, Timo Hellert, Christian Ehrmann, Andrea Polymers (Basel) Article Carbon nanofibers are used for a broad range of applications, from nano-composites to energy storage devices. They are typically produced from electrospun poly(acrylonitrile) nanofibers by thermal stabilization and carbonization. The nanofiber mats are usually placed freely movable in an oven, which leads to relaxation of internal stress within the nanofibers, making them thicker and shorter. To preserve their pristine morphology they can be mechanically fixated, which may cause the nanofibers to break. In a previous study, we demonstrated that sandwiching the nanofiber mats between metal sheets retained their morphology during stabilization and incipient carbonization at 500 °C. Here, we present a comparative study of stainless steel, titanium, copper and silicon substrate sandwiches at carbonization temperatures of 500 °C, 800 °C and 1200 °C. Helium ion microscopy revealed that all metals mostly eliminated nanofiber deformation, whereas silicone achieved the best results in this regard. The highest temperatures for which the metals were shown to be applicable were 500 °C for silicon, 800 °C for stainless steel and copper, and 1200 °C for titanium. Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy revealed a higher degree of carbonization and increased crystallinity for higher temperatures, which was shown to depend on the substrate material. MDPI 2022-02-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8877959/ /pubmed/35215634 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14040721 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Storck, Jan Lukas
Wortmann, Martin
Brockhagen, Bennet
Frese, Natalie
Diestelhorst, Elise
Grothe, Timo
Hellert, Christian
Ehrmann, Andrea
Comparative Study of Metal Substrates for Improved Carbonization of Electrospun PAN Nanofibers
title Comparative Study of Metal Substrates for Improved Carbonization of Electrospun PAN Nanofibers
title_full Comparative Study of Metal Substrates for Improved Carbonization of Electrospun PAN Nanofibers
title_fullStr Comparative Study of Metal Substrates for Improved Carbonization of Electrospun PAN Nanofibers
title_full_unstemmed Comparative Study of Metal Substrates for Improved Carbonization of Electrospun PAN Nanofibers
title_short Comparative Study of Metal Substrates for Improved Carbonization of Electrospun PAN Nanofibers
title_sort comparative study of metal substrates for improved carbonization of electrospun pan nanofibers
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8877959/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35215634
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14040721
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