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Oral Manifestations and Maxillo-Facial Features in the Acromegalic Patient: A Literature Review
Background: Acromegaly is a chronic disease caused by an abnormal secretion of growth hormone (GH) by a pituitary adenoma, resulting in an increased circulating concentration of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). The main characteristics are a slow progression of signs and symptoms, with multisys...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8878286/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35207363 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11041092 |
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author | De Stefani, Alberto Dassie, Francesca Wennberg, Alexandra Preo, Giorgia Muneratto, Alice Fabris, Roberto Maffei, Pietro Gracco, Antonio Bruno, Giovanni |
author_facet | De Stefani, Alberto Dassie, Francesca Wennberg, Alexandra Preo, Giorgia Muneratto, Alice Fabris, Roberto Maffei, Pietro Gracco, Antonio Bruno, Giovanni |
author_sort | De Stefani, Alberto |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: Acromegaly is a chronic disease caused by an abnormal secretion of growth hormone (GH) by a pituitary adenoma, resulting in an increased circulating concentration of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). The main characteristics are a slow progression of signs and symptoms, with multisystemic involvement, leading to acral overgrowth, progressive somatic changes, and a complex range of comorbidities. Most of these comorbidities can be controlled with treatment. The literature reveals that the most evident and early signs are those related to soft tissue thickening and skeletal growth, especially in the head and neck region. Methods: The authors reviewed the available literature on the clinical oro-dental features of acromegaly, selecting articles from PubMed and Google Scholar. The aim of this review was to summarize all the reported clinical oro-dental features of acromegalic patients. Results: The most common facial dimorphisms involved the maxillo-facial district, with hypertrophy of the paranasal sinuses, thickening of the frontal bones, and protruding glabella, which may be associated with joint pain and clicks. Regarding the oro-dental signs, the most frequent are dental diastema (40–43%), mandibular overgrowth (22–24%), mandibular prognathism (20–22%), and macroglossia (54–58%). These signs of acromegaly can be significantly reduced with adequate treatment, which is more effective when initiated early. Conclusions: Increased awareness of acromegaly among dentists and maxillo-facial surgeons, along with the early identification of oro-facial changes, could lead to an earlier diagnosis and treatment, thereby improving patients’ quality of life and prognosis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8878286 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88782862022-02-26 Oral Manifestations and Maxillo-Facial Features in the Acromegalic Patient: A Literature Review De Stefani, Alberto Dassie, Francesca Wennberg, Alexandra Preo, Giorgia Muneratto, Alice Fabris, Roberto Maffei, Pietro Gracco, Antonio Bruno, Giovanni J Clin Med Review Background: Acromegaly is a chronic disease caused by an abnormal secretion of growth hormone (GH) by a pituitary adenoma, resulting in an increased circulating concentration of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). The main characteristics are a slow progression of signs and symptoms, with multisystemic involvement, leading to acral overgrowth, progressive somatic changes, and a complex range of comorbidities. Most of these comorbidities can be controlled with treatment. The literature reveals that the most evident and early signs are those related to soft tissue thickening and skeletal growth, especially in the head and neck region. Methods: The authors reviewed the available literature on the clinical oro-dental features of acromegaly, selecting articles from PubMed and Google Scholar. The aim of this review was to summarize all the reported clinical oro-dental features of acromegalic patients. Results: The most common facial dimorphisms involved the maxillo-facial district, with hypertrophy of the paranasal sinuses, thickening of the frontal bones, and protruding glabella, which may be associated with joint pain and clicks. Regarding the oro-dental signs, the most frequent are dental diastema (40–43%), mandibular overgrowth (22–24%), mandibular prognathism (20–22%), and macroglossia (54–58%). These signs of acromegaly can be significantly reduced with adequate treatment, which is more effective when initiated early. Conclusions: Increased awareness of acromegaly among dentists and maxillo-facial surgeons, along with the early identification of oro-facial changes, could lead to an earlier diagnosis and treatment, thereby improving patients’ quality of life and prognosis. MDPI 2022-02-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8878286/ /pubmed/35207363 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11041092 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review De Stefani, Alberto Dassie, Francesca Wennberg, Alexandra Preo, Giorgia Muneratto, Alice Fabris, Roberto Maffei, Pietro Gracco, Antonio Bruno, Giovanni Oral Manifestations and Maxillo-Facial Features in the Acromegalic Patient: A Literature Review |
title | Oral Manifestations and Maxillo-Facial Features in the Acromegalic Patient: A Literature Review |
title_full | Oral Manifestations and Maxillo-Facial Features in the Acromegalic Patient: A Literature Review |
title_fullStr | Oral Manifestations and Maxillo-Facial Features in the Acromegalic Patient: A Literature Review |
title_full_unstemmed | Oral Manifestations and Maxillo-Facial Features in the Acromegalic Patient: A Literature Review |
title_short | Oral Manifestations and Maxillo-Facial Features in the Acromegalic Patient: A Literature Review |
title_sort | oral manifestations and maxillo-facial features in the acromegalic patient: a literature review |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8878286/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35207363 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11041092 |
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