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Effects of Accelerated Aging on the Performance of Low-Cost Ultrasonic Sensors Used for Public Lighting and Mobility Management in Smart Cities
In the field of Smart Cities, especially for Smart Street Lighting and Smart Mobility, the use of low-cost devices is considered an advantageous solution due to their easy availability, cost reduction and, consequently, technological and methodological development. However, this type of transducers...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8879242/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35214459 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22041560 |
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author | Quattrocchi, Antonino Alizzio, Damiano Martella, Francesco Lukaj, Valeria Villari, Massimo Montanini, Roberto |
author_facet | Quattrocchi, Antonino Alizzio, Damiano Martella, Francesco Lukaj, Valeria Villari, Massimo Montanini, Roberto |
author_sort | Quattrocchi, Antonino |
collection | PubMed |
description | In the field of Smart Cities, especially for Smart Street Lighting and Smart Mobility, the use of low-cost devices is considered an advantageous solution due to their easy availability, cost reduction and, consequently, technological and methodological development. However, this type of transducers shows many critical issues, e.g., in metrological and reliability terms, which can significantly compromise their functionality and safety. Such issue has a large relevance when temperature and humidity are cause of a rapid aging of sensors. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effects of accelerated aging in extreme climatic conditions on the performance of a control system, based on a low-cost ultrasonic distance sensor, for public-lighting management in Smart Cities. The presented architecture allows for the detection of vehicles, pedestrians and small animals and contains a dedicated algorithm, developed in an Edge/Cloud environment, that is able to display the acquired measurements to users connected on the web. The obtained results highlight that the effect of accelerated aging is to significantly reduce the linearity of the calibration curve of the sensor and, moreover, to exponentially increase the number of outliers and invalid measurements. These limitations can be overcome by developing an appropriate self-calibration strategy. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8879242 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88792422022-02-26 Effects of Accelerated Aging on the Performance of Low-Cost Ultrasonic Sensors Used for Public Lighting and Mobility Management in Smart Cities Quattrocchi, Antonino Alizzio, Damiano Martella, Francesco Lukaj, Valeria Villari, Massimo Montanini, Roberto Sensors (Basel) Article In the field of Smart Cities, especially for Smart Street Lighting and Smart Mobility, the use of low-cost devices is considered an advantageous solution due to their easy availability, cost reduction and, consequently, technological and methodological development. However, this type of transducers shows many critical issues, e.g., in metrological and reliability terms, which can significantly compromise their functionality and safety. Such issue has a large relevance when temperature and humidity are cause of a rapid aging of sensors. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effects of accelerated aging in extreme climatic conditions on the performance of a control system, based on a low-cost ultrasonic distance sensor, for public-lighting management in Smart Cities. The presented architecture allows for the detection of vehicles, pedestrians and small animals and contains a dedicated algorithm, developed in an Edge/Cloud environment, that is able to display the acquired measurements to users connected on the web. The obtained results highlight that the effect of accelerated aging is to significantly reduce the linearity of the calibration curve of the sensor and, moreover, to exponentially increase the number of outliers and invalid measurements. These limitations can be overcome by developing an appropriate self-calibration strategy. MDPI 2022-02-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8879242/ /pubmed/35214459 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22041560 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Quattrocchi, Antonino Alizzio, Damiano Martella, Francesco Lukaj, Valeria Villari, Massimo Montanini, Roberto Effects of Accelerated Aging on the Performance of Low-Cost Ultrasonic Sensors Used for Public Lighting and Mobility Management in Smart Cities |
title | Effects of Accelerated Aging on the Performance of Low-Cost Ultrasonic Sensors Used for Public Lighting and Mobility Management in Smart Cities |
title_full | Effects of Accelerated Aging on the Performance of Low-Cost Ultrasonic Sensors Used for Public Lighting and Mobility Management in Smart Cities |
title_fullStr | Effects of Accelerated Aging on the Performance of Low-Cost Ultrasonic Sensors Used for Public Lighting and Mobility Management in Smart Cities |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Accelerated Aging on the Performance of Low-Cost Ultrasonic Sensors Used for Public Lighting and Mobility Management in Smart Cities |
title_short | Effects of Accelerated Aging on the Performance of Low-Cost Ultrasonic Sensors Used for Public Lighting and Mobility Management in Smart Cities |
title_sort | effects of accelerated aging on the performance of low-cost ultrasonic sensors used for public lighting and mobility management in smart cities |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8879242/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35214459 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22041560 |
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