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Defining the Recipe for an Optimal Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction in a High-Income Country in Europe

Observational data over 15 years of rotavirus vaccine introduction in Belgium have indicated that rotavirus hospitalisations in children aged <5 years plateaued at a higher level than expected, and was followed by biennial disease peaks. The research objective was to identify factors influencing...

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Autores principales: Standaert, Baudouin, Benninghoff, Bernd
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8879258/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35216018
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14020425
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author Standaert, Baudouin
Benninghoff, Bernd
author_facet Standaert, Baudouin
Benninghoff, Bernd
author_sort Standaert, Baudouin
collection PubMed
description Observational data over 15 years of rotavirus vaccine introduction in Belgium have indicated that rotavirus hospitalisations in children aged <5 years plateaued at a higher level than expected, and was followed by biennial disease peaks. The research objective was to identify factors influencing these real-world vaccine impact data. We constructed mathematical models simulating rotavirus-related hospitalisations by age group and year for those children. Two periods were defined using different model constructs. First, the vaccine uptake period encompassed the years required to cover the whole at-risk population. Second, the post-uptake period covered the years in which a new infection/disease equilibrium was reached. The models were fitted to the observational data using optimisation programmes with regression and differential equations. Modifying parameter values identified factors affecting the pattern of hospitalisations. Results indicated that starting vaccination well before the peak disease season in the first year and rapidly achieving high coverage was critical in maximising early herd effect and minimising secondary sources of infection. This, in turn, would maximise the reduction in hospitalisations and minimise the size and frequency of subsequent disease peaks. The analysis and results identified key elements to consider for countries initiating an optimal rotavirus vaccine launch programme.
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spelling pubmed-88792582022-02-26 Defining the Recipe for an Optimal Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction in a High-Income Country in Europe Standaert, Baudouin Benninghoff, Bernd Viruses Article Observational data over 15 years of rotavirus vaccine introduction in Belgium have indicated that rotavirus hospitalisations in children aged <5 years plateaued at a higher level than expected, and was followed by biennial disease peaks. The research objective was to identify factors influencing these real-world vaccine impact data. We constructed mathematical models simulating rotavirus-related hospitalisations by age group and year for those children. Two periods were defined using different model constructs. First, the vaccine uptake period encompassed the years required to cover the whole at-risk population. Second, the post-uptake period covered the years in which a new infection/disease equilibrium was reached. The models were fitted to the observational data using optimisation programmes with regression and differential equations. Modifying parameter values identified factors affecting the pattern of hospitalisations. Results indicated that starting vaccination well before the peak disease season in the first year and rapidly achieving high coverage was critical in maximising early herd effect and minimising secondary sources of infection. This, in turn, would maximise the reduction in hospitalisations and minimise the size and frequency of subsequent disease peaks. The analysis and results identified key elements to consider for countries initiating an optimal rotavirus vaccine launch programme. MDPI 2022-02-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8879258/ /pubmed/35216018 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14020425 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Standaert, Baudouin
Benninghoff, Bernd
Defining the Recipe for an Optimal Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction in a High-Income Country in Europe
title Defining the Recipe for an Optimal Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction in a High-Income Country in Europe
title_full Defining the Recipe for an Optimal Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction in a High-Income Country in Europe
title_fullStr Defining the Recipe for an Optimal Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction in a High-Income Country in Europe
title_full_unstemmed Defining the Recipe for an Optimal Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction in a High-Income Country in Europe
title_short Defining the Recipe for an Optimal Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction in a High-Income Country in Europe
title_sort defining the recipe for an optimal rotavirus vaccine introduction in a high-income country in europe
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8879258/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35216018
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14020425
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