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Delineation of Nitrate Reduction Hotspots in Artificially Drained Areas through Assessment of Small-Scale Spatial Variability of Electrical Conductivity Data
Identification of nitrate reduction hotspots (NRH) can be instrumental in implementing targeted strategies for reducing nitrate loading from agriculture. In this study, we aimed to delineate possible NRH areas from soil depths of 80 to 180 cm in an artificially drained catchment by utilizing electri...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8879662/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35214406 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22041508 |
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author | Senal, Maria Isabel Møller, Anders Bjørn Koganti, Triven Iversen, Bo V. |
author_facet | Senal, Maria Isabel Møller, Anders Bjørn Koganti, Triven Iversen, Bo V. |
author_sort | Senal, Maria Isabel |
collection | PubMed |
description | Identification of nitrate reduction hotspots (NRH) can be instrumental in implementing targeted strategies for reducing nitrate loading from agriculture. In this study, we aimed to delineate possible NRH areas from soil depths of 80 to 180 cm in an artificially drained catchment by utilizing electrical conductivity (EC) values derived by the inversion of apparent electrical conductivity data measured by an electromagnetic induction instrument. The NRH areas were derived from the subzones generated from clustering the EC values via two methods, unsupervised ISODATA clustering and the Optimized Hot Spot Analysis, that highly complement each other. The clustering of EC values generated three classes, wherein the classes with high EC values correspond to NRH areas as indicated by their low redox potential values and nitrate (NO(3)(−)) concentrations. Nitrate concentrations in the NRH were equal to 13 to 17% of the concentrations in non-NRH areas and occupied 26% of the total area of the drainage catchments in the study. It is likely that, with the identification of NRH areas, the degree of nitrogen reduction in the vadose zone may be higher than initially estimated at the subcatchment scale. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8879662 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88796622022-02-26 Delineation of Nitrate Reduction Hotspots in Artificially Drained Areas through Assessment of Small-Scale Spatial Variability of Electrical Conductivity Data Senal, Maria Isabel Møller, Anders Bjørn Koganti, Triven Iversen, Bo V. Sensors (Basel) Article Identification of nitrate reduction hotspots (NRH) can be instrumental in implementing targeted strategies for reducing nitrate loading from agriculture. In this study, we aimed to delineate possible NRH areas from soil depths of 80 to 180 cm in an artificially drained catchment by utilizing electrical conductivity (EC) values derived by the inversion of apparent electrical conductivity data measured by an electromagnetic induction instrument. The NRH areas were derived from the subzones generated from clustering the EC values via two methods, unsupervised ISODATA clustering and the Optimized Hot Spot Analysis, that highly complement each other. The clustering of EC values generated three classes, wherein the classes with high EC values correspond to NRH areas as indicated by their low redox potential values and nitrate (NO(3)(−)) concentrations. Nitrate concentrations in the NRH were equal to 13 to 17% of the concentrations in non-NRH areas and occupied 26% of the total area of the drainage catchments in the study. It is likely that, with the identification of NRH areas, the degree of nitrogen reduction in the vadose zone may be higher than initially estimated at the subcatchment scale. MDPI 2022-02-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8879662/ /pubmed/35214406 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22041508 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Senal, Maria Isabel Møller, Anders Bjørn Koganti, Triven Iversen, Bo V. Delineation of Nitrate Reduction Hotspots in Artificially Drained Areas through Assessment of Small-Scale Spatial Variability of Electrical Conductivity Data |
title | Delineation of Nitrate Reduction Hotspots in Artificially Drained Areas through Assessment of Small-Scale Spatial Variability of Electrical Conductivity Data |
title_full | Delineation of Nitrate Reduction Hotspots in Artificially Drained Areas through Assessment of Small-Scale Spatial Variability of Electrical Conductivity Data |
title_fullStr | Delineation of Nitrate Reduction Hotspots in Artificially Drained Areas through Assessment of Small-Scale Spatial Variability of Electrical Conductivity Data |
title_full_unstemmed | Delineation of Nitrate Reduction Hotspots in Artificially Drained Areas through Assessment of Small-Scale Spatial Variability of Electrical Conductivity Data |
title_short | Delineation of Nitrate Reduction Hotspots in Artificially Drained Areas through Assessment of Small-Scale Spatial Variability of Electrical Conductivity Data |
title_sort | delineation of nitrate reduction hotspots in artificially drained areas through assessment of small-scale spatial variability of electrical conductivity data |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8879662/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35214406 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22041508 |
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