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The Beneficial Effects of Cyanobacterial Co-Culture on Plant Growth

Cyanobacteria are ubiquitous phototrophic prokaryotes that find a wide range of applications in industry due to their broad product spectrum. In this context, the application of cyanobacteria as biofertilizers and thus as an alternative to artificial fertilizers has emerged in recent decades. The be...

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Autores principales: Kollmen, Jonas, Strieth, Dorina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8879750/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35207509
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12020223
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author Kollmen, Jonas
Strieth, Dorina
author_facet Kollmen, Jonas
Strieth, Dorina
author_sort Kollmen, Jonas
collection PubMed
description Cyanobacteria are ubiquitous phototrophic prokaryotes that find a wide range of applications in industry due to their broad product spectrum. In this context, the application of cyanobacteria as biofertilizers and thus as an alternative to artificial fertilizers has emerged in recent decades. The benefit is mostly based on the ability of cyanobacteria to fix elemental nitrogen and make it available to the plants in a usable form. However, the positive effects of co-cultivating plants with cyanobacteria are not limited to the provision of nitrogen. Cyanobacteria produce numerous secondary metabolites that can be useful for plants, for example, they can have growth-promoting effects or increase resistance to plant diseases. The effects of biotic and abiotic stress can as well be reduced by many secondary metabolites. Furthermore, the biofilms formed by the cyanobacteria can lead to improved soil conditions, such as increased water retention capacity. To exchange the substances mentioned, cyanobacteria form symbioses with plants, whereby the strength of the symbiosis depends on both partners, and not every plant can form symbiosis with every cyanobacterium. Not only the plants in symbiosis benefit from the cyanobacteria, but also vice versa. This review summarizes the beneficial effects of cyanobacterial co-cultivation on plants, highlighting the substances exchanged and the strength of cyanobacterial symbioses with plants. A detailed explanation of the mechanism of nitrogen fixation in cyanobacterial heterocysts is given. Finally, a summary of possible applications of co-cultivation in the (agrar-)industry is given.
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spelling pubmed-88797502022-02-26 The Beneficial Effects of Cyanobacterial Co-Culture on Plant Growth Kollmen, Jonas Strieth, Dorina Life (Basel) Review Cyanobacteria are ubiquitous phototrophic prokaryotes that find a wide range of applications in industry due to their broad product spectrum. In this context, the application of cyanobacteria as biofertilizers and thus as an alternative to artificial fertilizers has emerged in recent decades. The benefit is mostly based on the ability of cyanobacteria to fix elemental nitrogen and make it available to the plants in a usable form. However, the positive effects of co-cultivating plants with cyanobacteria are not limited to the provision of nitrogen. Cyanobacteria produce numerous secondary metabolites that can be useful for plants, for example, they can have growth-promoting effects or increase resistance to plant diseases. The effects of biotic and abiotic stress can as well be reduced by many secondary metabolites. Furthermore, the biofilms formed by the cyanobacteria can lead to improved soil conditions, such as increased water retention capacity. To exchange the substances mentioned, cyanobacteria form symbioses with plants, whereby the strength of the symbiosis depends on both partners, and not every plant can form symbiosis with every cyanobacterium. Not only the plants in symbiosis benefit from the cyanobacteria, but also vice versa. This review summarizes the beneficial effects of cyanobacterial co-cultivation on plants, highlighting the substances exchanged and the strength of cyanobacterial symbioses with plants. A detailed explanation of the mechanism of nitrogen fixation in cyanobacterial heterocysts is given. Finally, a summary of possible applications of co-cultivation in the (agrar-)industry is given. MDPI 2022-01-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8879750/ /pubmed/35207509 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12020223 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Kollmen, Jonas
Strieth, Dorina
The Beneficial Effects of Cyanobacterial Co-Culture on Plant Growth
title The Beneficial Effects of Cyanobacterial Co-Culture on Plant Growth
title_full The Beneficial Effects of Cyanobacterial Co-Culture on Plant Growth
title_fullStr The Beneficial Effects of Cyanobacterial Co-Culture on Plant Growth
title_full_unstemmed The Beneficial Effects of Cyanobacterial Co-Culture on Plant Growth
title_short The Beneficial Effects of Cyanobacterial Co-Culture on Plant Growth
title_sort beneficial effects of cyanobacterial co-culture on plant growth
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8879750/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35207509
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12020223
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