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Rickettsiosis in Southeast Asia: Summary for International Travellers during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Rickettsiosis is an important cause of febrile illness among travellers visiting Southeast Asia (SEA). The true incidence of rickettsiosis is underestimated; however, murine typhus and scrub typhus are widely distributed across SEA. Among travellers visiting SEA, scrub typhus was mostly reported fro...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8879928/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35202213 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7020018 |
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author | Ngamprasertchai, Thundon Hanboonkunupakarn, Borimas Piyaphanee, Watcharapong |
author_facet | Ngamprasertchai, Thundon Hanboonkunupakarn, Borimas Piyaphanee, Watcharapong |
author_sort | Ngamprasertchai, Thundon |
collection | PubMed |
description | Rickettsiosis is an important cause of febrile illness among travellers visiting Southeast Asia (SEA). The true incidence of rickettsiosis is underestimated; however, murine typhus and scrub typhus are widely distributed across SEA. Among travellers visiting SEA, scrub typhus was mostly reported from Thailand, whereas murine typhus was frequently found in Indonesia. Although most cases are self-limited or present with mild symptoms, a few cases with severe clinical manifestations have been reported. Doxycycline remains the key treatment of rickettsiosis. Some travellers, such as backpackers, trekkers, or cave explorers, are at a higher risk for rickettsiosis than others. Therefore, in resource-limited conditions, empirical treatment should be considered in these travellers. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has contributed to difficulty in the diagnosis of rickettsiosis because of the clinical similarities between these diseases. In addition, physical distancing mandated by COVID-19 management guidelines limits accurate physical examination, resulting in misdiagnosis and delayed treatment of rickettsiosis. This review summarises the characteristics of murine typhus and scrub typhus, describes travel-associated rickettsiosis, and discusses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rickettsiosis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8879928 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88799282022-02-26 Rickettsiosis in Southeast Asia: Summary for International Travellers during the COVID-19 Pandemic Ngamprasertchai, Thundon Hanboonkunupakarn, Borimas Piyaphanee, Watcharapong Trop Med Infect Dis Review Rickettsiosis is an important cause of febrile illness among travellers visiting Southeast Asia (SEA). The true incidence of rickettsiosis is underestimated; however, murine typhus and scrub typhus are widely distributed across SEA. Among travellers visiting SEA, scrub typhus was mostly reported from Thailand, whereas murine typhus was frequently found in Indonesia. Although most cases are self-limited or present with mild symptoms, a few cases with severe clinical manifestations have been reported. Doxycycline remains the key treatment of rickettsiosis. Some travellers, such as backpackers, trekkers, or cave explorers, are at a higher risk for rickettsiosis than others. Therefore, in resource-limited conditions, empirical treatment should be considered in these travellers. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has contributed to difficulty in the diagnosis of rickettsiosis because of the clinical similarities between these diseases. In addition, physical distancing mandated by COVID-19 management guidelines limits accurate physical examination, resulting in misdiagnosis and delayed treatment of rickettsiosis. This review summarises the characteristics of murine typhus and scrub typhus, describes travel-associated rickettsiosis, and discusses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rickettsiosis. MDPI 2022-01-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8879928/ /pubmed/35202213 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7020018 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Ngamprasertchai, Thundon Hanboonkunupakarn, Borimas Piyaphanee, Watcharapong Rickettsiosis in Southeast Asia: Summary for International Travellers during the COVID-19 Pandemic |
title | Rickettsiosis in Southeast Asia: Summary for International Travellers during the COVID-19 Pandemic |
title_full | Rickettsiosis in Southeast Asia: Summary for International Travellers during the COVID-19 Pandemic |
title_fullStr | Rickettsiosis in Southeast Asia: Summary for International Travellers during the COVID-19 Pandemic |
title_full_unstemmed | Rickettsiosis in Southeast Asia: Summary for International Travellers during the COVID-19 Pandemic |
title_short | Rickettsiosis in Southeast Asia: Summary for International Travellers during the COVID-19 Pandemic |
title_sort | rickettsiosis in southeast asia: summary for international travellers during the covid-19 pandemic |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8879928/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35202213 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7020018 |
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