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Printing Drugs onto Nails for Effective Treatment of Onychomycosis
Inkjet printing (IJP) is an emerging technology for the precision dosing of medicines. We report, for the first time, the printing of the antifungal drug terbinafine hydrochloride directly onto nails for the treatment of onychomycosis. A commercial cosmetic nail printer was modified by removing the...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8879958/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35214182 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14020448 |
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author | Pollard, Thomas D. Bonetti, Margherita Day, Adam Gaisford, Simon Orlu, Mine Basit, Abdul W. Murdan, Sudaxshina Goyanes, Alvaro |
author_facet | Pollard, Thomas D. Bonetti, Margherita Day, Adam Gaisford, Simon Orlu, Mine Basit, Abdul W. Murdan, Sudaxshina Goyanes, Alvaro |
author_sort | Pollard, Thomas D. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Inkjet printing (IJP) is an emerging technology for the precision dosing of medicines. We report, for the first time, the printing of the antifungal drug terbinafine hydrochloride directly onto nails for the treatment of onychomycosis. A commercial cosmetic nail printer was modified by removing the ink from the cartridge and replacing it with an in-house prepared drug-loaded ink. The drug-loaded ink was designed so that it was comparable to the commercial ink for key printability properties. Linear drug dosing was shown by changing the lightness of the colour selected for printing (R(2) = 0.977) and by printing multiple times (R(2) = 0.989). The drug loads were measured for heart (271 µg), world (205 µg) and football (133 µg) shapes. A disc diffusion assay against Trpytophan rubrum showed inhibition of fungal growth with printed-on discs. In vitro testing with human nails showed substantial inhibition with printed-on nails. Hence, this is the first study to demonstrate the ability of a nail printer for drug delivery, thereby confirming its potential for onychomycosis treatment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8879958 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88799582022-02-26 Printing Drugs onto Nails for Effective Treatment of Onychomycosis Pollard, Thomas D. Bonetti, Margherita Day, Adam Gaisford, Simon Orlu, Mine Basit, Abdul W. Murdan, Sudaxshina Goyanes, Alvaro Pharmaceutics Article Inkjet printing (IJP) is an emerging technology for the precision dosing of medicines. We report, for the first time, the printing of the antifungal drug terbinafine hydrochloride directly onto nails for the treatment of onychomycosis. A commercial cosmetic nail printer was modified by removing the ink from the cartridge and replacing it with an in-house prepared drug-loaded ink. The drug-loaded ink was designed so that it was comparable to the commercial ink for key printability properties. Linear drug dosing was shown by changing the lightness of the colour selected for printing (R(2) = 0.977) and by printing multiple times (R(2) = 0.989). The drug loads were measured for heart (271 µg), world (205 µg) and football (133 µg) shapes. A disc diffusion assay against Trpytophan rubrum showed inhibition of fungal growth with printed-on discs. In vitro testing with human nails showed substantial inhibition with printed-on nails. Hence, this is the first study to demonstrate the ability of a nail printer for drug delivery, thereby confirming its potential for onychomycosis treatment. MDPI 2022-02-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8879958/ /pubmed/35214182 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14020448 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Pollard, Thomas D. Bonetti, Margherita Day, Adam Gaisford, Simon Orlu, Mine Basit, Abdul W. Murdan, Sudaxshina Goyanes, Alvaro Printing Drugs onto Nails for Effective Treatment of Onychomycosis |
title | Printing Drugs onto Nails for Effective Treatment of Onychomycosis |
title_full | Printing Drugs onto Nails for Effective Treatment of Onychomycosis |
title_fullStr | Printing Drugs onto Nails for Effective Treatment of Onychomycosis |
title_full_unstemmed | Printing Drugs onto Nails for Effective Treatment of Onychomycosis |
title_short | Printing Drugs onto Nails for Effective Treatment of Onychomycosis |
title_sort | printing drugs onto nails for effective treatment of onychomycosis |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8879958/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35214182 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14020448 |
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