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Reservoirs of Red-Spotted Grouper Nervous Necrosis Virus (RGNNV) in Squid and Shrimp Species of Northern Alboran Sea
The production of the aquaculture industry has increased to be equal to that of the world fisheries in recent years. However, aquaculture production faces threats such as infectious diseases. Betanodaviruses induce a neurological disease that affects fish species worldwide and is caused by nervous n...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8880106/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35215924 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14020328 |
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author | Johnstone, Carolina Pérez, Montse Arizcun, Marta García-Ruiz, Cristina Chaves-Pozo, Elena |
author_facet | Johnstone, Carolina Pérez, Montse Arizcun, Marta García-Ruiz, Cristina Chaves-Pozo, Elena |
author_sort | Johnstone, Carolina |
collection | PubMed |
description | The production of the aquaculture industry has increased to be equal to that of the world fisheries in recent years. However, aquaculture production faces threats such as infectious diseases. Betanodaviruses induce a neurological disease that affects fish species worldwide and is caused by nervous necrosis virus (NNV). NNV has a nude capsid protecting a bipartite RNA genome that consists of molecules RNA1 and RNA2. Four NNV strains distributed worldwide are discriminated according to sequence homology of the capsid protein encoded by RNA2. Since its first description over 30 years ago, the virus has expanded and reassortant strains have appeared. Preventive treatments prioritize the RGNNV (red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus) strain that has the highest optimum temperature for replication and the broadest range of susceptible species. There is strong concern about the spreading of NNV in the mariculture industry through contaminated diet. To surveil natural reservoirs of NNV in the western Mediterranean Sea, we collected invertebrate species in 2015 in the Alboran Sea. We report the detection of the RGNNV strain in two species of cephalopod mollusks (Alloteuthis media and Abralia veranyi), and in one decapod crustacean (Plesionika heterocarpus). According to RNA2 sequences obtained from invertebrate species and reported to date in the Mediterranean Sea, the strain RGNNV is predominant in this semienclosed sea. Neither an ecosystem- nor host-driven distribution of RGNNV were observed in the Mediterranean basin. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8880106 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88801062022-02-26 Reservoirs of Red-Spotted Grouper Nervous Necrosis Virus (RGNNV) in Squid and Shrimp Species of Northern Alboran Sea Johnstone, Carolina Pérez, Montse Arizcun, Marta García-Ruiz, Cristina Chaves-Pozo, Elena Viruses Article The production of the aquaculture industry has increased to be equal to that of the world fisheries in recent years. However, aquaculture production faces threats such as infectious diseases. Betanodaviruses induce a neurological disease that affects fish species worldwide and is caused by nervous necrosis virus (NNV). NNV has a nude capsid protecting a bipartite RNA genome that consists of molecules RNA1 and RNA2. Four NNV strains distributed worldwide are discriminated according to sequence homology of the capsid protein encoded by RNA2. Since its first description over 30 years ago, the virus has expanded and reassortant strains have appeared. Preventive treatments prioritize the RGNNV (red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus) strain that has the highest optimum temperature for replication and the broadest range of susceptible species. There is strong concern about the spreading of NNV in the mariculture industry through contaminated diet. To surveil natural reservoirs of NNV in the western Mediterranean Sea, we collected invertebrate species in 2015 in the Alboran Sea. We report the detection of the RGNNV strain in two species of cephalopod mollusks (Alloteuthis media and Abralia veranyi), and in one decapod crustacean (Plesionika heterocarpus). According to RNA2 sequences obtained from invertebrate species and reported to date in the Mediterranean Sea, the strain RGNNV is predominant in this semienclosed sea. Neither an ecosystem- nor host-driven distribution of RGNNV were observed in the Mediterranean basin. MDPI 2022-02-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8880106/ /pubmed/35215924 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14020328 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Johnstone, Carolina Pérez, Montse Arizcun, Marta García-Ruiz, Cristina Chaves-Pozo, Elena Reservoirs of Red-Spotted Grouper Nervous Necrosis Virus (RGNNV) in Squid and Shrimp Species of Northern Alboran Sea |
title | Reservoirs of Red-Spotted Grouper Nervous Necrosis Virus (RGNNV) in Squid and Shrimp Species of Northern Alboran Sea |
title_full | Reservoirs of Red-Spotted Grouper Nervous Necrosis Virus (RGNNV) in Squid and Shrimp Species of Northern Alboran Sea |
title_fullStr | Reservoirs of Red-Spotted Grouper Nervous Necrosis Virus (RGNNV) in Squid and Shrimp Species of Northern Alboran Sea |
title_full_unstemmed | Reservoirs of Red-Spotted Grouper Nervous Necrosis Virus (RGNNV) in Squid and Shrimp Species of Northern Alboran Sea |
title_short | Reservoirs of Red-Spotted Grouper Nervous Necrosis Virus (RGNNV) in Squid and Shrimp Species of Northern Alboran Sea |
title_sort | reservoirs of red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (rgnnv) in squid and shrimp species of northern alboran sea |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8880106/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35215924 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14020328 |
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