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Transgenerational Genetic Effects Help Explain Latitudinal Variation in Seed Mass and Germination Timing in Plantago lanceolata

We know little about the underlying genetic control of phenotypic patterns of seed traits across large-scale geographic and environmental gradients. Such knowledge is important for understanding the evolution of populations within species and for improving species conservation. Therefore, to test fo...

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Autores principales: Lacey, Elizabeth P., Marshall, Matthew M., Bucciarelli, Marc, Richter, Scott J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8880339/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35214858
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11040522
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author Lacey, Elizabeth P.
Marshall, Matthew M.
Bucciarelli, Marc
Richter, Scott J.
author_facet Lacey, Elizabeth P.
Marshall, Matthew M.
Bucciarelli, Marc
Richter, Scott J.
author_sort Lacey, Elizabeth P.
collection PubMed
description We know little about the underlying genetic control of phenotypic patterns of seed traits across large-scale geographic and environmental gradients. Such knowledge is important for understanding the evolution of populations within species and for improving species conservation. Therefore, to test for genetic variation in Plantago lanceolata, we made reciprocal crosses between northern and southern genotypes that span the species’ range in Europe. The results provide evidence of transgenerational genetic effects on seed mass and germination timing. Northern mothers produced larger seeds with delayed germination, in contrast to southern mothers, which produced smaller seeds with accelerated germination. A maternal latitude affected both the seed coat, solely maternal tissue, and embryo/endosperm tissues. Thus, latitudinal variation in seed size and germination timing can be explained, in part, by the direct influence of maternal genotype, independent of zygotic genes that parents pass directly to the embryo and endosperm. Data suggest that researchers exploring the existence and evolution of large-scale geographic variation within species test for transgenerational genetic effects. In addition, data suggest that transgenerational control of seed traits should be considered when developing procedures designed to facilitate species conservation and restoration.
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spelling pubmed-88803392022-02-26 Transgenerational Genetic Effects Help Explain Latitudinal Variation in Seed Mass and Germination Timing in Plantago lanceolata Lacey, Elizabeth P. Marshall, Matthew M. Bucciarelli, Marc Richter, Scott J. Plants (Basel) Article We know little about the underlying genetic control of phenotypic patterns of seed traits across large-scale geographic and environmental gradients. Such knowledge is important for understanding the evolution of populations within species and for improving species conservation. Therefore, to test for genetic variation in Plantago lanceolata, we made reciprocal crosses between northern and southern genotypes that span the species’ range in Europe. The results provide evidence of transgenerational genetic effects on seed mass and germination timing. Northern mothers produced larger seeds with delayed germination, in contrast to southern mothers, which produced smaller seeds with accelerated germination. A maternal latitude affected both the seed coat, solely maternal tissue, and embryo/endosperm tissues. Thus, latitudinal variation in seed size and germination timing can be explained, in part, by the direct influence of maternal genotype, independent of zygotic genes that parents pass directly to the embryo and endosperm. Data suggest that researchers exploring the existence and evolution of large-scale geographic variation within species test for transgenerational genetic effects. In addition, data suggest that transgenerational control of seed traits should be considered when developing procedures designed to facilitate species conservation and restoration. MDPI 2022-02-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8880339/ /pubmed/35214858 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11040522 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lacey, Elizabeth P.
Marshall, Matthew M.
Bucciarelli, Marc
Richter, Scott J.
Transgenerational Genetic Effects Help Explain Latitudinal Variation in Seed Mass and Germination Timing in Plantago lanceolata
title Transgenerational Genetic Effects Help Explain Latitudinal Variation in Seed Mass and Germination Timing in Plantago lanceolata
title_full Transgenerational Genetic Effects Help Explain Latitudinal Variation in Seed Mass and Germination Timing in Plantago lanceolata
title_fullStr Transgenerational Genetic Effects Help Explain Latitudinal Variation in Seed Mass and Germination Timing in Plantago lanceolata
title_full_unstemmed Transgenerational Genetic Effects Help Explain Latitudinal Variation in Seed Mass and Germination Timing in Plantago lanceolata
title_short Transgenerational Genetic Effects Help Explain Latitudinal Variation in Seed Mass and Germination Timing in Plantago lanceolata
title_sort transgenerational genetic effects help explain latitudinal variation in seed mass and germination timing in plantago lanceolata
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8880339/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35214858
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11040522
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