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Analysis of Nanofluid Particles in a Duct with Thermal Radiation by Using an Efficient Metaheuristic-Driven Approach

This study investigated the steady two-phase flow of a nanofluid in a permeable duct with thermal radiation, a magnetic field, and external forces. The basic continuity and momentum equations were considered along with the Buongiorno model to formulate the governing mathematical model of the problem...

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Autores principales: Khan, Naveed Ahmad, Sulaiman, Muhammad, Tavera Romero, Carlos Andrés, Alshammari, Fahad Sameer
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8880542/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35214965
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12040637
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author Khan, Naveed Ahmad
Sulaiman, Muhammad
Tavera Romero, Carlos Andrés
Alshammari, Fahad Sameer
author_facet Khan, Naveed Ahmad
Sulaiman, Muhammad
Tavera Romero, Carlos Andrés
Alshammari, Fahad Sameer
author_sort Khan, Naveed Ahmad
collection PubMed
description This study investigated the steady two-phase flow of a nanofluid in a permeable duct with thermal radiation, a magnetic field, and external forces. The basic continuity and momentum equations were considered along with the Buongiorno model to formulate the governing mathematical model of the problem. Furthermore, the intelligent computational strength of artificial neural networks (ANNs) was utilized to construct the approximate solution for the problem. The unsupervised objective functions of the governing equations in terms of mean square error were optimized by hybridizing the global search ability of an arithmetic optimization algorithm (AOA) with the local search capability of an interior point algorithm (IPA). The proposed ANN-AOA-IPA technique was implemented to study the effect of variations in the thermophoretic parameter [Formula: see text] , Hartmann number [Formula: see text] , Brownian [Formula: see text] and radiation [Formula: see text] motion parameters, Eckert number [Formula: see text] , Reynolds number [Formula: see text] and Schmidt number [Formula: see text] on the velocity profile, thermal profile, Nusselt number and skin friction coefficient of the nanofluid. The results obtained by the designed metaheuristic algorithm were compared with the numerical solutions obtained by the Runge–Kutta method of order 4 (RK-4) and machine learning algorithms based on a nonlinear autoregressive network with exogenous inputs (NARX) and backpropagated Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm. The mean percentage errors in approximate solutions obtained by ANN-AOA-IPA are around [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text]. The graphical analysis illustrates that the velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles of the nanofluid increase with an increase in the suction parameter, Eckert number and Schmidt number, respectively. Solutions and the results of performance indicators such as mean absolute deviation, Theil’s inequality coefficient and error in Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency further validate the proposed algorithm’s utility and efficiency.
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spelling pubmed-88805422022-02-26 Analysis of Nanofluid Particles in a Duct with Thermal Radiation by Using an Efficient Metaheuristic-Driven Approach Khan, Naveed Ahmad Sulaiman, Muhammad Tavera Romero, Carlos Andrés Alshammari, Fahad Sameer Nanomaterials (Basel) Article This study investigated the steady two-phase flow of a nanofluid in a permeable duct with thermal radiation, a magnetic field, and external forces. The basic continuity and momentum equations were considered along with the Buongiorno model to formulate the governing mathematical model of the problem. Furthermore, the intelligent computational strength of artificial neural networks (ANNs) was utilized to construct the approximate solution for the problem. The unsupervised objective functions of the governing equations in terms of mean square error were optimized by hybridizing the global search ability of an arithmetic optimization algorithm (AOA) with the local search capability of an interior point algorithm (IPA). The proposed ANN-AOA-IPA technique was implemented to study the effect of variations in the thermophoretic parameter [Formula: see text] , Hartmann number [Formula: see text] , Brownian [Formula: see text] and radiation [Formula: see text] motion parameters, Eckert number [Formula: see text] , Reynolds number [Formula: see text] and Schmidt number [Formula: see text] on the velocity profile, thermal profile, Nusselt number and skin friction coefficient of the nanofluid. The results obtained by the designed metaheuristic algorithm were compared with the numerical solutions obtained by the Runge–Kutta method of order 4 (RK-4) and machine learning algorithms based on a nonlinear autoregressive network with exogenous inputs (NARX) and backpropagated Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm. The mean percentage errors in approximate solutions obtained by ANN-AOA-IPA are around [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text]. The graphical analysis illustrates that the velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles of the nanofluid increase with an increase in the suction parameter, Eckert number and Schmidt number, respectively. Solutions and the results of performance indicators such as mean absolute deviation, Theil’s inequality coefficient and error in Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency further validate the proposed algorithm’s utility and efficiency. MDPI 2022-02-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8880542/ /pubmed/35214965 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12040637 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Khan, Naveed Ahmad
Sulaiman, Muhammad
Tavera Romero, Carlos Andrés
Alshammari, Fahad Sameer
Analysis of Nanofluid Particles in a Duct with Thermal Radiation by Using an Efficient Metaheuristic-Driven Approach
title Analysis of Nanofluid Particles in a Duct with Thermal Radiation by Using an Efficient Metaheuristic-Driven Approach
title_full Analysis of Nanofluid Particles in a Duct with Thermal Radiation by Using an Efficient Metaheuristic-Driven Approach
title_fullStr Analysis of Nanofluid Particles in a Duct with Thermal Radiation by Using an Efficient Metaheuristic-Driven Approach
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of Nanofluid Particles in a Duct with Thermal Radiation by Using an Efficient Metaheuristic-Driven Approach
title_short Analysis of Nanofluid Particles in a Duct with Thermal Radiation by Using an Efficient Metaheuristic-Driven Approach
title_sort analysis of nanofluid particles in a duct with thermal radiation by using an efficient metaheuristic-driven approach
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8880542/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35214965
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12040637
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