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Significance of eggshell morphology as an additional tool to distinguish species of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae)

Morphological characteristics of eggshells are important in sand fly ootaxonomy. In this study, eggshells from Phlebotomus stantoni Newstead, Sergentomyia khawi (Raynal), and Grassomyia indica (Theodor) sand flies collected in Chiang Mai province, Thailand were examined and characterized using light...

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Autores principales: Jariyapan, Narissara, Tippawangkosol, Pongsri, Sor-Suwan, Sriwatapron, Mano, Chonlada, Yasanga, Thippawan, Somboon, Pradya, Depaquit, Jérôme, Siriyasatien, Padet
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8880748/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35213563
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263268
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author Jariyapan, Narissara
Tippawangkosol, Pongsri
Sor-Suwan, Sriwatapron
Mano, Chonlada
Yasanga, Thippawan
Somboon, Pradya
Depaquit, Jérôme
Siriyasatien, Padet
author_facet Jariyapan, Narissara
Tippawangkosol, Pongsri
Sor-Suwan, Sriwatapron
Mano, Chonlada
Yasanga, Thippawan
Somboon, Pradya
Depaquit, Jérôme
Siriyasatien, Padet
author_sort Jariyapan, Narissara
collection PubMed
description Morphological characteristics of eggshells are important in sand fly ootaxonomy. In this study, eggshells from Phlebotomus stantoni Newstead, Sergentomyia khawi (Raynal), and Grassomyia indica (Theodor) sand flies collected in Chiang Mai province, Thailand were examined and characterized using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Then, eggshell morphology of these three species was described for the first time. Each gravid female was forced to lay eggs by decapitation and the eggs were collected for SEM analysis. Egg laying females were identified by morphological examination and molecular typing using cytochrome b (Cytb) as a molecular marker. The chorionic sculpturing of Ph. stantoni eggs combines two patterns on the same egg: unconnected parallel ridges and reticular patterns. Sergentomyia khawi and Gr. indica have similar chorionic polygonal patterns, but their exochorionic morphology and aeropylar area are different. Results indicate that eggshell morphological characteristics such as chorionic pattern, exochorionic morphology, inter-ridge/boundary area, aeropylar area (including the number of aeropyles) and basal layer, can be useful to develop morphological identification keys of eggs. These can serve as an additional tool to distinguish species of sand flies. In addition, the chorionic sculpturing of the eggs of the three species of sand flies observed by LM is useful for species identification in gravid females with spermathecae obscured by eggs.
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spelling pubmed-88807482022-02-26 Significance of eggshell morphology as an additional tool to distinguish species of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) Jariyapan, Narissara Tippawangkosol, Pongsri Sor-Suwan, Sriwatapron Mano, Chonlada Yasanga, Thippawan Somboon, Pradya Depaquit, Jérôme Siriyasatien, Padet PLoS One Research Article Morphological characteristics of eggshells are important in sand fly ootaxonomy. In this study, eggshells from Phlebotomus stantoni Newstead, Sergentomyia khawi (Raynal), and Grassomyia indica (Theodor) sand flies collected in Chiang Mai province, Thailand were examined and characterized using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Then, eggshell morphology of these three species was described for the first time. Each gravid female was forced to lay eggs by decapitation and the eggs were collected for SEM analysis. Egg laying females were identified by morphological examination and molecular typing using cytochrome b (Cytb) as a molecular marker. The chorionic sculpturing of Ph. stantoni eggs combines two patterns on the same egg: unconnected parallel ridges and reticular patterns. Sergentomyia khawi and Gr. indica have similar chorionic polygonal patterns, but their exochorionic morphology and aeropylar area are different. Results indicate that eggshell morphological characteristics such as chorionic pattern, exochorionic morphology, inter-ridge/boundary area, aeropylar area (including the number of aeropyles) and basal layer, can be useful to develop morphological identification keys of eggs. These can serve as an additional tool to distinguish species of sand flies. In addition, the chorionic sculpturing of the eggs of the three species of sand flies observed by LM is useful for species identification in gravid females with spermathecae obscured by eggs. Public Library of Science 2022-02-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8880748/ /pubmed/35213563 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263268 Text en © 2022 Jariyapan et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Jariyapan, Narissara
Tippawangkosol, Pongsri
Sor-Suwan, Sriwatapron
Mano, Chonlada
Yasanga, Thippawan
Somboon, Pradya
Depaquit, Jérôme
Siriyasatien, Padet
Significance of eggshell morphology as an additional tool to distinguish species of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae)
title Significance of eggshell morphology as an additional tool to distinguish species of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae)
title_full Significance of eggshell morphology as an additional tool to distinguish species of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae)
title_fullStr Significance of eggshell morphology as an additional tool to distinguish species of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae)
title_full_unstemmed Significance of eggshell morphology as an additional tool to distinguish species of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae)
title_short Significance of eggshell morphology as an additional tool to distinguish species of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae)
title_sort significance of eggshell morphology as an additional tool to distinguish species of sand flies (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae)
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8880748/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35213563
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263268
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