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Rice husk and melaleuca biochar additions reduce soil CH (4) and N (2)O emissions and increase soil physicochemical properties

Background: Biochar is a promising material in mitigating greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions from paddy fields due to its remarkable structural properties. Rice husk biochar (RhB) and melaleuca biochar (MB) are amendment materials that could be used to potentially reduce emissions in the Vietnamese M...

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Autores principales: Tran Sy, Nam, Huynh Van, Thao, Nguyen Huu, Chiem, Nguyen Van, Cong, Mitsunori, Tarao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: F1000 Research Limited 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8881694/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35284059
http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.74041.2
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author Tran Sy, Nam
Huynh Van, Thao
Nguyen Huu, Chiem
Nguyen Van, Cong
Mitsunori, Tarao
author_facet Tran Sy, Nam
Huynh Van, Thao
Nguyen Huu, Chiem
Nguyen Van, Cong
Mitsunori, Tarao
author_sort Tran Sy, Nam
collection PubMed
description Background: Biochar is a promising material in mitigating greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions from paddy fields due to its remarkable structural properties. Rice husk biochar (RhB) and melaleuca biochar (MB) are amendment materials that could be used to potentially reduce emissions in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD). However, their effects on CH (4) and N (2)O emissions and soil under local water management and conventional rice cultivation have not been thoroughly investigated. Methods: We conducted a field experiment using biochar additions to the topsoil layer (0-20 cm). Five treatments comprising 0 t ha (-1) (CT0); 5 t ha (-1) (RhB5) and 10 t ha (-1) (RhB10), and 5 t ha (-1) (MB5) and 10 t ha (-1) (MB10) were designed plot-by-plot (20 m (2)) in triplicates. Results: The results showed that biochar application from 5 to 10 t ha (-1) significantly decreased cumulative CH (4) (24.2-28.0%, RhB; 22.0-14.1%, MB) and N (2)O (25.6-41.0%, RhB; 38.4–56.4%, MB) fluxes without a reduction in grain yield. Increasing the biochar application rate further did not decrease significantly total CH (4) and N (2)O fluxes but was seen to significantly reduce the global warming potential (GWP) and yield-scale GWP in the RhB treatments. Biochar application improved soil Eh but had no effects on soil pH. Whereas CH (4) flux correlated negatively with soil Eh ( P < 0.001; r (2 ) = 0.552, RhB; P < 0.001; r (2 ) = 0.502, MB). Ameliorating soil aeration and functions by adding RhB and MB resulted in improving soil physicochemical properties, especially significant SOM and AN boosting, which indicate better soil health, structure, and fertility. Conclusions: Biochar supplementation significantly reduced CH (4) and N (2)O fluxes and improved soil mineralization and physicochemical properties toward beneficial for rice plants. The results suggest that the optimal combination of biochar-application rates and effective water-irrigation techniques for soil types in the MD should be further studied in future works.
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spelling pubmed-88816942022-03-10 Rice husk and melaleuca biochar additions reduce soil CH (4) and N (2)O emissions and increase soil physicochemical properties Tran Sy, Nam Huynh Van, Thao Nguyen Huu, Chiem Nguyen Van, Cong Mitsunori, Tarao F1000Res Research Article Background: Biochar is a promising material in mitigating greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions from paddy fields due to its remarkable structural properties. Rice husk biochar (RhB) and melaleuca biochar (MB) are amendment materials that could be used to potentially reduce emissions in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD). However, their effects on CH (4) and N (2)O emissions and soil under local water management and conventional rice cultivation have not been thoroughly investigated. Methods: We conducted a field experiment using biochar additions to the topsoil layer (0-20 cm). Five treatments comprising 0 t ha (-1) (CT0); 5 t ha (-1) (RhB5) and 10 t ha (-1) (RhB10), and 5 t ha (-1) (MB5) and 10 t ha (-1) (MB10) were designed plot-by-plot (20 m (2)) in triplicates. Results: The results showed that biochar application from 5 to 10 t ha (-1) significantly decreased cumulative CH (4) (24.2-28.0%, RhB; 22.0-14.1%, MB) and N (2)O (25.6-41.0%, RhB; 38.4–56.4%, MB) fluxes without a reduction in grain yield. Increasing the biochar application rate further did not decrease significantly total CH (4) and N (2)O fluxes but was seen to significantly reduce the global warming potential (GWP) and yield-scale GWP in the RhB treatments. Biochar application improved soil Eh but had no effects on soil pH. Whereas CH (4) flux correlated negatively with soil Eh ( P < 0.001; r (2 ) = 0.552, RhB; P < 0.001; r (2 ) = 0.502, MB). Ameliorating soil aeration and functions by adding RhB and MB resulted in improving soil physicochemical properties, especially significant SOM and AN boosting, which indicate better soil health, structure, and fertility. Conclusions: Biochar supplementation significantly reduced CH (4) and N (2)O fluxes and improved soil mineralization and physicochemical properties toward beneficial for rice plants. The results suggest that the optimal combination of biochar-application rates and effective water-irrigation techniques for soil types in the MD should be further studied in future works. F1000 Research Limited 2022-02-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8881694/ /pubmed/35284059 http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.74041.2 Text en Copyright: © 2022 Tran Sy N et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Tran Sy, Nam
Huynh Van, Thao
Nguyen Huu, Chiem
Nguyen Van, Cong
Mitsunori, Tarao
Rice husk and melaleuca biochar additions reduce soil CH (4) and N (2)O emissions and increase soil physicochemical properties
title Rice husk and melaleuca biochar additions reduce soil CH (4) and N (2)O emissions and increase soil physicochemical properties
title_full Rice husk and melaleuca biochar additions reduce soil CH (4) and N (2)O emissions and increase soil physicochemical properties
title_fullStr Rice husk and melaleuca biochar additions reduce soil CH (4) and N (2)O emissions and increase soil physicochemical properties
title_full_unstemmed Rice husk and melaleuca biochar additions reduce soil CH (4) and N (2)O emissions and increase soil physicochemical properties
title_short Rice husk and melaleuca biochar additions reduce soil CH (4) and N (2)O emissions and increase soil physicochemical properties
title_sort rice husk and melaleuca biochar additions reduce soil ch (4) and n (2)o emissions and increase soil physicochemical properties
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8881694/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35284059
http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.74041.2
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