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Dysbiosis of Oral and Gut Microbiomes in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients in Bangladesh: Elucidating the Role of Opportunistic Gut Microbes
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus. The microbes inhabiting the oral cavity and gut might play crucial roles in maintaining a favorable gut environment, and their relationship with SARS-CoV-2 infection susceptibility and severity is yet to be full...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8882723/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35237631 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.821777 |
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author | Rafiqul Islam, S. M. Foysal, Md. Javed Hoque, M. Nazmul Mehedi, H. M. Hamidullah Rob, Md. Abdur Salauddin, Asma Tanzina, Afsana Yeasmin Biswas, Sabuj Noyon, Sajjad Hossain Siddiki, A. M. A. M. Zonaed Tay, Alfred Mannan, Adnan |
author_facet | Rafiqul Islam, S. M. Foysal, Md. Javed Hoque, M. Nazmul Mehedi, H. M. Hamidullah Rob, Md. Abdur Salauddin, Asma Tanzina, Afsana Yeasmin Biswas, Sabuj Noyon, Sajjad Hossain Siddiki, A. M. A. M. Zonaed Tay, Alfred Mannan, Adnan |
author_sort | Rafiqul Islam, S. M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus. The microbes inhabiting the oral cavity and gut might play crucial roles in maintaining a favorable gut environment, and their relationship with SARS-CoV-2 infection susceptibility and severity is yet to be fully explored. This study investigates the diversity and species richness of gut and oral microbiota of patients with COVID-19, and their possible implications toward the severity of the patient's illness and clinical outcomes. Seventy-four (n = 74) clinical samples (gut and oral) were collected from 22 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 with various clinical conditions and 15 apparently healthy people (served as controls). This amplicon-based metagenomic sequencing study yielded 1,866,306 paired-end reads that were mapped to 21 phyla and 231 classified genera of bacteria. Alpha and beta diversity analyses revealed a distinct dysbiosis of the gut and oral microbial communities in patients with COVID-19, compared to healthy controls. We report that SARS-CoV-2 infection significantly reduced richness and evenness in the gut and oral microbiomes despite showing higher unique operational taxonomic units in the gut. The gut samples of the patients with COVID-19 included 46 opportunistic bacterial genera. Escherichia, Shigella, and Bacteroides were detected as the signature genera in the gut of patients with COVID-19 with diarrhea, whereas a relatively higher abundance of Streptococcus was found in patients with COVID-19 having breathing difficulties and sore throat (BDST). The patients with COVID-19 had a significantly lower abundance of Prevotella in the oral cavity, compared to healthy controls and patients with COVID-19 without diabetes, respectively. The altered metabolic pathways, including a reduction in biosynthesis capabilities of the gut and oral microbial consortia after SARS-CoV-2 infection, were also observed. The present study may, therefore, shed light on interactions of SARS-CoV-2 with resilient oral and gut microbes which might contribute toward developing microbiome-based diagnostics and therapeutics for this deadly pandemic disease. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8882723 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88827232022-03-01 Dysbiosis of Oral and Gut Microbiomes in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients in Bangladesh: Elucidating the Role of Opportunistic Gut Microbes Rafiqul Islam, S. M. Foysal, Md. Javed Hoque, M. Nazmul Mehedi, H. M. Hamidullah Rob, Md. Abdur Salauddin, Asma Tanzina, Afsana Yeasmin Biswas, Sabuj Noyon, Sajjad Hossain Siddiki, A. M. A. M. Zonaed Tay, Alfred Mannan, Adnan Front Med (Lausanne) Medicine Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus. The microbes inhabiting the oral cavity and gut might play crucial roles in maintaining a favorable gut environment, and their relationship with SARS-CoV-2 infection susceptibility and severity is yet to be fully explored. This study investigates the diversity and species richness of gut and oral microbiota of patients with COVID-19, and their possible implications toward the severity of the patient's illness and clinical outcomes. Seventy-four (n = 74) clinical samples (gut and oral) were collected from 22 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 with various clinical conditions and 15 apparently healthy people (served as controls). This amplicon-based metagenomic sequencing study yielded 1,866,306 paired-end reads that were mapped to 21 phyla and 231 classified genera of bacteria. Alpha and beta diversity analyses revealed a distinct dysbiosis of the gut and oral microbial communities in patients with COVID-19, compared to healthy controls. We report that SARS-CoV-2 infection significantly reduced richness and evenness in the gut and oral microbiomes despite showing higher unique operational taxonomic units in the gut. The gut samples of the patients with COVID-19 included 46 opportunistic bacterial genera. Escherichia, Shigella, and Bacteroides were detected as the signature genera in the gut of patients with COVID-19 with diarrhea, whereas a relatively higher abundance of Streptococcus was found in patients with COVID-19 having breathing difficulties and sore throat (BDST). The patients with COVID-19 had a significantly lower abundance of Prevotella in the oral cavity, compared to healthy controls and patients with COVID-19 without diabetes, respectively. The altered metabolic pathways, including a reduction in biosynthesis capabilities of the gut and oral microbial consortia after SARS-CoV-2 infection, were also observed. The present study may, therefore, shed light on interactions of SARS-CoV-2 with resilient oral and gut microbes which might contribute toward developing microbiome-based diagnostics and therapeutics for this deadly pandemic disease. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-02-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8882723/ /pubmed/35237631 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.821777 Text en Copyright © 2022 Rafiqul Islam, Foysal, Hoque, Mehedi, Rob, Salauddin, Tanzina, Biswas, Noyon, Siddiki, Tay and Mannan. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Medicine Rafiqul Islam, S. M. Foysal, Md. Javed Hoque, M. Nazmul Mehedi, H. M. Hamidullah Rob, Md. Abdur Salauddin, Asma Tanzina, Afsana Yeasmin Biswas, Sabuj Noyon, Sajjad Hossain Siddiki, A. M. A. M. Zonaed Tay, Alfred Mannan, Adnan Dysbiosis of Oral and Gut Microbiomes in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients in Bangladesh: Elucidating the Role of Opportunistic Gut Microbes |
title | Dysbiosis of Oral and Gut Microbiomes in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients in Bangladesh: Elucidating the Role of Opportunistic Gut Microbes |
title_full | Dysbiosis of Oral and Gut Microbiomes in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients in Bangladesh: Elucidating the Role of Opportunistic Gut Microbes |
title_fullStr | Dysbiosis of Oral and Gut Microbiomes in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients in Bangladesh: Elucidating the Role of Opportunistic Gut Microbes |
title_full_unstemmed | Dysbiosis of Oral and Gut Microbiomes in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients in Bangladesh: Elucidating the Role of Opportunistic Gut Microbes |
title_short | Dysbiosis of Oral and Gut Microbiomes in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients in Bangladesh: Elucidating the Role of Opportunistic Gut Microbes |
title_sort | dysbiosis of oral and gut microbiomes in sars-cov-2 infected patients in bangladesh: elucidating the role of opportunistic gut microbes |
topic | Medicine |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8882723/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35237631 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.821777 |
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