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Analyzing Modeled Torque Profiles to Understand Scale-Dependent Active Muscle Responses in the Hip Joint

Animal locomotion is influenced by a combination of constituent joint torques (e.g., due to limb inertia and passive viscoelasticity), which determine the necessary muscular response to move the limb. Across animal size-scales, the relative contributions of these constituent joint torques affect the...

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Autores principales: Young, Fletcher R., Chiel, Hillel J., Tresch, Matthew C., Heckman, Charles J., Hunt, Alexander J., Quinn, Roger D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8883942/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35225910
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics7010017
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author Young, Fletcher R.
Chiel, Hillel J.
Tresch, Matthew C.
Heckman, Charles J.
Hunt, Alexander J.
Quinn, Roger D.
author_facet Young, Fletcher R.
Chiel, Hillel J.
Tresch, Matthew C.
Heckman, Charles J.
Hunt, Alexander J.
Quinn, Roger D.
author_sort Young, Fletcher R.
collection PubMed
description Animal locomotion is influenced by a combination of constituent joint torques (e.g., due to limb inertia and passive viscoelasticity), which determine the necessary muscular response to move the limb. Across animal size-scales, the relative contributions of these constituent joint torques affect the muscular response in different ways. We used a multi-muscle biomechanical model to analyze how passive torque components change due to an animal’s size-scale during locomotion. By changing the size-scale of the model, we characterized emergent muscular responses at the hip as a result of the changing constituent torque profile. Specifically, we found that activation phases between extensor and flexor torques to be opposite between small and large sizes for the same kinematic motion. These results suggest general principles of how animal size affects neural control strategies. Our modeled torque profiles show a strong agreement with documented hindlimb torque during locomotion and can provide insights into the neural organization and muscle activation behavior of animals whose motion has not been extensively documented.
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spelling pubmed-88839422022-03-01 Analyzing Modeled Torque Profiles to Understand Scale-Dependent Active Muscle Responses in the Hip Joint Young, Fletcher R. Chiel, Hillel J. Tresch, Matthew C. Heckman, Charles J. Hunt, Alexander J. Quinn, Roger D. Biomimetics (Basel) Article Animal locomotion is influenced by a combination of constituent joint torques (e.g., due to limb inertia and passive viscoelasticity), which determine the necessary muscular response to move the limb. Across animal size-scales, the relative contributions of these constituent joint torques affect the muscular response in different ways. We used a multi-muscle biomechanical model to analyze how passive torque components change due to an animal’s size-scale during locomotion. By changing the size-scale of the model, we characterized emergent muscular responses at the hip as a result of the changing constituent torque profile. Specifically, we found that activation phases between extensor and flexor torques to be opposite between small and large sizes for the same kinematic motion. These results suggest general principles of how animal size affects neural control strategies. Our modeled torque profiles show a strong agreement with documented hindlimb torque during locomotion and can provide insights into the neural organization and muscle activation behavior of animals whose motion has not been extensively documented. MDPI 2022-01-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8883942/ /pubmed/35225910 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics7010017 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Young, Fletcher R.
Chiel, Hillel J.
Tresch, Matthew C.
Heckman, Charles J.
Hunt, Alexander J.
Quinn, Roger D.
Analyzing Modeled Torque Profiles to Understand Scale-Dependent Active Muscle Responses in the Hip Joint
title Analyzing Modeled Torque Profiles to Understand Scale-Dependent Active Muscle Responses in the Hip Joint
title_full Analyzing Modeled Torque Profiles to Understand Scale-Dependent Active Muscle Responses in the Hip Joint
title_fullStr Analyzing Modeled Torque Profiles to Understand Scale-Dependent Active Muscle Responses in the Hip Joint
title_full_unstemmed Analyzing Modeled Torque Profiles to Understand Scale-Dependent Active Muscle Responses in the Hip Joint
title_short Analyzing Modeled Torque Profiles to Understand Scale-Dependent Active Muscle Responses in the Hip Joint
title_sort analyzing modeled torque profiles to understand scale-dependent active muscle responses in the hip joint
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8883942/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35225910
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics7010017
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