Cargando…

Evoking highly focal percepts in the fingertips through targeted stimulation of sulcal regions of the brain for sensory restoration

BACKGROUND: Paralysis and neuropathy, affecting millions of people worldwide, can be accompanied by significant loss of somatosensation. With tactile sensation being central to achieving dexterous movement, brain-computer interface (BCI) researchers have used intracortical and cortical surface elect...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Chandrasekaran, Santosh, Bickel, Stephan, Herrero, Jose L., Kim, Joo-won, Markowitz, Noah, Espinal, Elizabeth, Bhagat, Nikunj A., Ramdeo, Richard, Xu, Junqian, Glasser, Matthew F., Bouton, Chad E., Mehta, Ashesh D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8884403/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34358704
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2021.07.009
_version_ 1784660145550131200
author Chandrasekaran, Santosh
Bickel, Stephan
Herrero, Jose L.
Kim, Joo-won
Markowitz, Noah
Espinal, Elizabeth
Bhagat, Nikunj A.
Ramdeo, Richard
Xu, Junqian
Glasser, Matthew F.
Bouton, Chad E.
Mehta, Ashesh D.
author_facet Chandrasekaran, Santosh
Bickel, Stephan
Herrero, Jose L.
Kim, Joo-won
Markowitz, Noah
Espinal, Elizabeth
Bhagat, Nikunj A.
Ramdeo, Richard
Xu, Junqian
Glasser, Matthew F.
Bouton, Chad E.
Mehta, Ashesh D.
author_sort Chandrasekaran, Santosh
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Paralysis and neuropathy, affecting millions of people worldwide, can be accompanied by significant loss of somatosensation. With tactile sensation being central to achieving dexterous movement, brain-computer interface (BCI) researchers have used intracortical and cortical surface electrical stimulation to restore somatotopically-relevant sensation to the hand. However, these approaches are restricted to stimulating the gyral areas of the brain. Since representation of distal regions of the hand extends into the sulcal regions of human primary somatosensory cortex (S1), it has been challenging to evoke sensory percepts localized to the fingertips. OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: Targeted stimulation of sulcal regions of S1, using stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) depth electrodes, can evoke focal sensory percepts in the fingertips. METHODS: Two participants with intractable epilepsy received cortical stimulation both at the gyri via high-density electrocorticography (HD-ECoG) grids and in the sulci via SEEG depth electrode leads. We characterized the evoked sensory percepts localized to the hand. RESULTS: We show that highly focal percepts can be evoked in the fingertips of the hand through sulcal stimulation. fMRI, myelin content, and cortical thickness maps from the Human Connectome Project elucidated specific cortical areas and sub-regions within S1 that evoked these focal percepts. Within-participant comparisons showed that percepts evoked by sulcal stimulation via SEEG electrodes were significantly more focal (80% less area; p = 0.02) and localized to the fingertips more often, than by gyral stimulation via HD-ECoG electrodes. Finally, sulcal locations with consistent modulation of high-frequency neural activity during mechanical tactile stimulation of the fingertips showed the same somatotopic correspondence as cortical stimulation. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate minimally invasive sulcal stimulation via SEEG electrodes could be a clinically viable approach to restoring sensation.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8884403
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-88844032022-02-28 Evoking highly focal percepts in the fingertips through targeted stimulation of sulcal regions of the brain for sensory restoration Chandrasekaran, Santosh Bickel, Stephan Herrero, Jose L. Kim, Joo-won Markowitz, Noah Espinal, Elizabeth Bhagat, Nikunj A. Ramdeo, Richard Xu, Junqian Glasser, Matthew F. Bouton, Chad E. Mehta, Ashesh D. Brain Stimul Article BACKGROUND: Paralysis and neuropathy, affecting millions of people worldwide, can be accompanied by significant loss of somatosensation. With tactile sensation being central to achieving dexterous movement, brain-computer interface (BCI) researchers have used intracortical and cortical surface electrical stimulation to restore somatotopically-relevant sensation to the hand. However, these approaches are restricted to stimulating the gyral areas of the brain. Since representation of distal regions of the hand extends into the sulcal regions of human primary somatosensory cortex (S1), it has been challenging to evoke sensory percepts localized to the fingertips. OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: Targeted stimulation of sulcal regions of S1, using stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) depth electrodes, can evoke focal sensory percepts in the fingertips. METHODS: Two participants with intractable epilepsy received cortical stimulation both at the gyri via high-density electrocorticography (HD-ECoG) grids and in the sulci via SEEG depth electrode leads. We characterized the evoked sensory percepts localized to the hand. RESULTS: We show that highly focal percepts can be evoked in the fingertips of the hand through sulcal stimulation. fMRI, myelin content, and cortical thickness maps from the Human Connectome Project elucidated specific cortical areas and sub-regions within S1 that evoked these focal percepts. Within-participant comparisons showed that percepts evoked by sulcal stimulation via SEEG electrodes were significantly more focal (80% less area; p = 0.02) and localized to the fingertips more often, than by gyral stimulation via HD-ECoG electrodes. Finally, sulcal locations with consistent modulation of high-frequency neural activity during mechanical tactile stimulation of the fingertips showed the same somatotopic correspondence as cortical stimulation. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate minimally invasive sulcal stimulation via SEEG electrodes could be a clinically viable approach to restoring sensation. 2021 2021-08-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8884403/ /pubmed/34358704 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2021.07.009 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) ).
spellingShingle Article
Chandrasekaran, Santosh
Bickel, Stephan
Herrero, Jose L.
Kim, Joo-won
Markowitz, Noah
Espinal, Elizabeth
Bhagat, Nikunj A.
Ramdeo, Richard
Xu, Junqian
Glasser, Matthew F.
Bouton, Chad E.
Mehta, Ashesh D.
Evoking highly focal percepts in the fingertips through targeted stimulation of sulcal regions of the brain for sensory restoration
title Evoking highly focal percepts in the fingertips through targeted stimulation of sulcal regions of the brain for sensory restoration
title_full Evoking highly focal percepts in the fingertips through targeted stimulation of sulcal regions of the brain for sensory restoration
title_fullStr Evoking highly focal percepts in the fingertips through targeted stimulation of sulcal regions of the brain for sensory restoration
title_full_unstemmed Evoking highly focal percepts in the fingertips through targeted stimulation of sulcal regions of the brain for sensory restoration
title_short Evoking highly focal percepts in the fingertips through targeted stimulation of sulcal regions of the brain for sensory restoration
title_sort evoking highly focal percepts in the fingertips through targeted stimulation of sulcal regions of the brain for sensory restoration
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8884403/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34358704
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2021.07.009
work_keys_str_mv AT chandrasekaransantosh evokinghighlyfocalperceptsinthefingertipsthroughtargetedstimulationofsulcalregionsofthebrainforsensoryrestoration
AT bickelstephan evokinghighlyfocalperceptsinthefingertipsthroughtargetedstimulationofsulcalregionsofthebrainforsensoryrestoration
AT herrerojosel evokinghighlyfocalperceptsinthefingertipsthroughtargetedstimulationofsulcalregionsofthebrainforsensoryrestoration
AT kimjoowon evokinghighlyfocalperceptsinthefingertipsthroughtargetedstimulationofsulcalregionsofthebrainforsensoryrestoration
AT markowitznoah evokinghighlyfocalperceptsinthefingertipsthroughtargetedstimulationofsulcalregionsofthebrainforsensoryrestoration
AT espinalelizabeth evokinghighlyfocalperceptsinthefingertipsthroughtargetedstimulationofsulcalregionsofthebrainforsensoryrestoration
AT bhagatnikunja evokinghighlyfocalperceptsinthefingertipsthroughtargetedstimulationofsulcalregionsofthebrainforsensoryrestoration
AT ramdeorichard evokinghighlyfocalperceptsinthefingertipsthroughtargetedstimulationofsulcalregionsofthebrainforsensoryrestoration
AT xujunqian evokinghighlyfocalperceptsinthefingertipsthroughtargetedstimulationofsulcalregionsofthebrainforsensoryrestoration
AT glassermatthewf evokinghighlyfocalperceptsinthefingertipsthroughtargetedstimulationofsulcalregionsofthebrainforsensoryrestoration
AT boutonchade evokinghighlyfocalperceptsinthefingertipsthroughtargetedstimulationofsulcalregionsofthebrainforsensoryrestoration
AT mehtaasheshd evokinghighlyfocalperceptsinthefingertipsthroughtargetedstimulationofsulcalregionsofthebrainforsensoryrestoration