Factors influencing on hospitalization of COVID-19 patients with comorbidity

PURPOSE: During COVID-19 pandemic, the total number of patients is periodically growing, including the number of those requiring hospitalization. The factors that increase the risk of hospitalization with COVID-19 remain poorly understood. AIM: identification of factors influencing on the likelihood of hospitalization in COVID-19 patients with comorbidity. METHODS & MATERIALS: A retrospective cohort study of 74314 COVID-19 patients with a comorbidity within March-November 2020 in Russia. Using multivariate logistic regression, significant factors influencing hospitalization were identified. RESULTS: As a result, a logistic function was obtained that included 16 factors out of 21, which was statistically significant. In accordance with R(2) Nigelkirk coefficient of determination, composition of the factors are 46.6%. Based on the regression coefficient values, the age of the patients, the sex of the patients, the severity of the disease, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, endocrine pathology, oncology and other diseases, fever, dyspnea and late address for medical care (after 5 day of disease) are factors that increase the likelihood of hospitalization. Rhinitis, loss of taste, belonging to contact with contact with COVID-19 patient, early seeking for medical care had an inverse relationship with the risk of hospitalization. The chances of hospitalization of patients with oncology is increased 1.496 times (95% CI:1.159-1.932), with endocrine diseases - by 1.573 times (95% CI:1.238 -1.999), in patients with cardiovascular pathology - by 1.502 times (95% CI:1.185-1.903),), in patients with bronchopulmonary pathology - by 1.439 times (95% CI:1.133-1.828), with other comobidities - by 1.501 times (95% CI:1.184-1.904), in patients with moderate the course of the disease - by 8.353 times in comparison with patients with a mild course (95% CI:8,000-8.721), in patients with a severe course of the disease risk is increased by 68.291 times (95% CI:59.279-78.673), risk of hospitalization in men compared with women is increased 1.393 times (95% CI: 1.348-1.438), in patients with fever - 1.14 times (95% CI: 1.09-1.20), with dispnoea - 1.526 (95% CI: 1.495- 1.596). The chances of hospitalization with an increase in age by 1 year increased 1.012 times (95% CI: 1.010-1.013). CONCLUSION: These factors will help healthcare workers with the decisions regarding hospitalization of patients.