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Actinic Cheilitis — From Risk Factors to Therapy

Actinic cheilitis or solar cheilosis is considered a precursor of malignancy or even an in situ squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lip, located most frequently on the lower lip. Actinic cheilitis (AC) has a higher likelihood of developing into invasive SCC of the lip, which is one of the deadliest...

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Autores principales: Vasilovici, Alina, Ungureanu, Loredana, Grigore, Lavinia, Cojocaru, Elena, Şenilă, Simona
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8886241/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35242781
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.805425
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author Vasilovici, Alina
Ungureanu, Loredana
Grigore, Lavinia
Cojocaru, Elena
Şenilă, Simona
author_facet Vasilovici, Alina
Ungureanu, Loredana
Grigore, Lavinia
Cojocaru, Elena
Şenilă, Simona
author_sort Vasilovici, Alina
collection PubMed
description Actinic cheilitis or solar cheilosis is considered a precursor of malignancy or even an in situ squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lip, located most frequently on the lower lip. Actinic cheilitis (AC) has a higher likelihood of developing into invasive SCC of the lip, which is one of the deadliest non-melanoma skin cancers. Risk factors include chronic UV exposure, increasing age, male gender, fair phototypes, chronic scarring, immunosuppressive therapy, and tobacco use. From a clinical point of view, AC is characterized by dryness, scaling, atrophy, indistinct borders, and erosions. Ulceration and the appearance of a nodule often suggest the progression to invasive SCC. Dermoscopic examination reveals white structureless areas, scales, erosions, and white halos of the vermilion. Reflectance confocal microscopy shows disruption of the stratum corneum, parakeratosis, an atypical honeycomb pattern, solar elastosis, and dilated and tortuous blood vessels with increased blood flow. The rate of malignant transformation ranges from 10 to 30% and early diagnoses and treatment are essential in preventing the development of invasive SCC. Optimal treatment has not been established yet, but invasive and topical treatments can be tried. The present paper aims to review the existing data regarding epidemiology, risk factors, clinical picture, non-invasive imaging, diagnosis, and therapy in AC.
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spelling pubmed-88862412022-03-02 Actinic Cheilitis — From Risk Factors to Therapy Vasilovici, Alina Ungureanu, Loredana Grigore, Lavinia Cojocaru, Elena Şenilă, Simona Front Med (Lausanne) Medicine Actinic cheilitis or solar cheilosis is considered a precursor of malignancy or even an in situ squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lip, located most frequently on the lower lip. Actinic cheilitis (AC) has a higher likelihood of developing into invasive SCC of the lip, which is one of the deadliest non-melanoma skin cancers. Risk factors include chronic UV exposure, increasing age, male gender, fair phototypes, chronic scarring, immunosuppressive therapy, and tobacco use. From a clinical point of view, AC is characterized by dryness, scaling, atrophy, indistinct borders, and erosions. Ulceration and the appearance of a nodule often suggest the progression to invasive SCC. Dermoscopic examination reveals white structureless areas, scales, erosions, and white halos of the vermilion. Reflectance confocal microscopy shows disruption of the stratum corneum, parakeratosis, an atypical honeycomb pattern, solar elastosis, and dilated and tortuous blood vessels with increased blood flow. The rate of malignant transformation ranges from 10 to 30% and early diagnoses and treatment are essential in preventing the development of invasive SCC. Optimal treatment has not been established yet, but invasive and topical treatments can be tried. The present paper aims to review the existing data regarding epidemiology, risk factors, clinical picture, non-invasive imaging, diagnosis, and therapy in AC. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-02-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8886241/ /pubmed/35242781 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.805425 Text en Copyright © 2022 Vasilovici, Ungureanu, Grigore, Cojocaru and Şenilă. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Medicine
Vasilovici, Alina
Ungureanu, Loredana
Grigore, Lavinia
Cojocaru, Elena
Şenilă, Simona
Actinic Cheilitis — From Risk Factors to Therapy
title Actinic Cheilitis — From Risk Factors to Therapy
title_full Actinic Cheilitis — From Risk Factors to Therapy
title_fullStr Actinic Cheilitis — From Risk Factors to Therapy
title_full_unstemmed Actinic Cheilitis — From Risk Factors to Therapy
title_short Actinic Cheilitis — From Risk Factors to Therapy
title_sort actinic cheilitis — from risk factors to therapy
topic Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8886241/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35242781
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.805425
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