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Human Genetic Host Factors and Its Role in the Pathogenesis of Chikungunya Virus Infection

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus from the Togaviridae family that causes acute arthropathy in humans. It is an arthropod-borne virus transmitted initially by the Aedes (Ae) aegypti and after 2006's epidemic in La Reunion by Ae albopictus due to an adaptive mutation of alanine for vali...

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Autores principales: Rueda, Juan C., Arcos-Burgos, Mauricio, Santos, Ana M., Martin-Arsanios, Daniel, Villota-Erazo, Catalina, Reyes, Viviana, Bernal-Macías, Santiago, Peláez-Ballestas, Ingris, Cardiel, Mario H., Londono, John
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8888679/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35252226
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.654395
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author Rueda, Juan C.
Arcos-Burgos, Mauricio
Santos, Ana M.
Martin-Arsanios, Daniel
Villota-Erazo, Catalina
Reyes, Viviana
Bernal-Macías, Santiago
Peláez-Ballestas, Ingris
Cardiel, Mario H.
Londono, John
author_facet Rueda, Juan C.
Arcos-Burgos, Mauricio
Santos, Ana M.
Martin-Arsanios, Daniel
Villota-Erazo, Catalina
Reyes, Viviana
Bernal-Macías, Santiago
Peláez-Ballestas, Ingris
Cardiel, Mario H.
Londono, John
author_sort Rueda, Juan C.
collection PubMed
description Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus from the Togaviridae family that causes acute arthropathy in humans. It is an arthropod-borne virus transmitted initially by the Aedes (Ae) aegypti and after 2006's epidemic in La Reunion by Ae albopictus due to an adaptive mutation of alanine for valine in the position 226 of the E1 glycoprotein genome (A226V). The first isolated cases of CHIKV were reported in Tanzania, however since its arrival to the Western Hemisphere in 2013, the infection became a pandemic. After a mosquito bite from an infected viremic patient the virus replicates eliciting viremia, fever, rash, myalgia, arthralgia, and arthritis. After the acute phase, CHIKV infection can progress to a chronic stage where rheumatic symptoms can last for several months to years. Although there is a great number of studies on the pathogenesis of CHIKV infection not only in humans but also in animal models, there still gaps in the proper understanding of the disease. To this date, it is unknown why a percentage of patients do not develop clinical symptoms despite having been exposed to the virus and developing an adaptive immune response. Also, controversy stills exist on the pathogenesis of chronic joint symptoms. It is known that host immune response to an infectious disease is reflected on patient's symptoms. At the same time, it is now well-established that host genetic variation is an important component of the varied onset, severity, and outcome of infectious disease. It is essential to understand the interaction between the aetiological agent and the host to know the chronic sequelae of the disease. The present review summarizes the current findings on human host genetics and its relationship with immune response in CHIKV infection.
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spelling pubmed-88886792022-03-03 Human Genetic Host Factors and Its Role in the Pathogenesis of Chikungunya Virus Infection Rueda, Juan C. Arcos-Burgos, Mauricio Santos, Ana M. Martin-Arsanios, Daniel Villota-Erazo, Catalina Reyes, Viviana Bernal-Macías, Santiago Peláez-Ballestas, Ingris Cardiel, Mario H. Londono, John Front Med (Lausanne) Medicine Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus from the Togaviridae family that causes acute arthropathy in humans. It is an arthropod-borne virus transmitted initially by the Aedes (Ae) aegypti and after 2006's epidemic in La Reunion by Ae albopictus due to an adaptive mutation of alanine for valine in the position 226 of the E1 glycoprotein genome (A226V). The first isolated cases of CHIKV were reported in Tanzania, however since its arrival to the Western Hemisphere in 2013, the infection became a pandemic. After a mosquito bite from an infected viremic patient the virus replicates eliciting viremia, fever, rash, myalgia, arthralgia, and arthritis. After the acute phase, CHIKV infection can progress to a chronic stage where rheumatic symptoms can last for several months to years. Although there is a great number of studies on the pathogenesis of CHIKV infection not only in humans but also in animal models, there still gaps in the proper understanding of the disease. To this date, it is unknown why a percentage of patients do not develop clinical symptoms despite having been exposed to the virus and developing an adaptive immune response. Also, controversy stills exist on the pathogenesis of chronic joint symptoms. It is known that host immune response to an infectious disease is reflected on patient's symptoms. At the same time, it is now well-established that host genetic variation is an important component of the varied onset, severity, and outcome of infectious disease. It is essential to understand the interaction between the aetiological agent and the host to know the chronic sequelae of the disease. The present review summarizes the current findings on human host genetics and its relationship with immune response in CHIKV infection. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-02-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8888679/ /pubmed/35252226 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.654395 Text en Copyright © 2022 Rueda, Arcos-Burgos, Santos, Martin-Arsanios, Villota-Erazo, Reyes, Bernal-Macías, Peláez-Ballestas, Cardiel and Londono. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Medicine
Rueda, Juan C.
Arcos-Burgos, Mauricio
Santos, Ana M.
Martin-Arsanios, Daniel
Villota-Erazo, Catalina
Reyes, Viviana
Bernal-Macías, Santiago
Peláez-Ballestas, Ingris
Cardiel, Mario H.
Londono, John
Human Genetic Host Factors and Its Role in the Pathogenesis of Chikungunya Virus Infection
title Human Genetic Host Factors and Its Role in the Pathogenesis of Chikungunya Virus Infection
title_full Human Genetic Host Factors and Its Role in the Pathogenesis of Chikungunya Virus Infection
title_fullStr Human Genetic Host Factors and Its Role in the Pathogenesis of Chikungunya Virus Infection
title_full_unstemmed Human Genetic Host Factors and Its Role in the Pathogenesis of Chikungunya Virus Infection
title_short Human Genetic Host Factors and Its Role in the Pathogenesis of Chikungunya Virus Infection
title_sort human genetic host factors and its role in the pathogenesis of chikungunya virus infection
topic Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8888679/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35252226
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.654395
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