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Case Report: Event-Related Desynchronization Observed During Volitional Swallow by Electroencephalography Recordings in ALS Patients With Dysphagia
Dysphagia is a severe disability affecting daily life in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). It is caused by degeneration of both the bulbar motor neurons and cortical motoneurons projecting to the oropharyngeal areas. A previous report showed decreased event-related desynchronization...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8888887/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35250502 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2022.798375 |
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author | Ogawa, Akari Koganemaru, Satoko Takahashi, Toshimitsu Takemura, Yuu Irisawa, Hiroshi Matsuhashi, Masao Mima, Tatsuya Mizushima, Takashi Kansaku, Kenji |
author_facet | Ogawa, Akari Koganemaru, Satoko Takahashi, Toshimitsu Takemura, Yuu Irisawa, Hiroshi Matsuhashi, Masao Mima, Tatsuya Mizushima, Takashi Kansaku, Kenji |
author_sort | Ogawa, Akari |
collection | PubMed |
description | Dysphagia is a severe disability affecting daily life in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). It is caused by degeneration of both the bulbar motor neurons and cortical motoneurons projecting to the oropharyngeal areas. A previous report showed decreased event-related desynchronization (ERD) in the medial sensorimotor areas in ALS dysphagic patients. In the process of degeneration, brain reorganization may also be induced in other areas than the sensorimotor cortices. Furthermore, ALS patients with dysphagia often show a longer duration of swallowing. However, there have been no reports on brain activity in other cortical areas and the time course of brain activity during prolonged swallowing in these patients. In this case report, we investigated the distribution and the time course of ERD and corticomuscular coherence (CMC) in the beta (15–25 Hz) frequency band during volitional swallow using electroencephalography (EEG) in two patients with ALS. Case 1 (a 71-year-old man) was diagnosed 2 years before the evaluation. His first symptom was muscle weakness in the right hand; 5 months later, dysphagia developed and exacerbated. Since his dietary intake decreased, he was given an implantable venous access port. Case 2 (a 64-year-old woman) was diagnosed 1 year before the evaluation. Her first symptom was open-nasal voice and dysarthria; 3 months later, dysphagia developed and exacerbated. She was given a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. EEG recordings were performed during volitional swallowing, and the ERD was calculated. The average swallow durations were 7.6 ± 3.0 s in Case 1 and 8.3 ± 2.9 s in Case 2. The significant ERD was localized in the prefrontal and premotor areas and lasted from a few seconds after the initiation of swallowing to the end in Case 1. The ERD was localized in the lateral sensorimotor areas only at the initiation of swallowing in Case 2. CMC was not observed in either case. These results suggest that compensatory processes for cortical motor outputs might depend on individual patients and that a new therapeutic approach using ERD should be developed according to the individuality of ALS patients with dysphagia. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8888887 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88888872022-03-03 Case Report: Event-Related Desynchronization Observed During Volitional Swallow by Electroencephalography Recordings in ALS Patients With Dysphagia Ogawa, Akari Koganemaru, Satoko Takahashi, Toshimitsu Takemura, Yuu Irisawa, Hiroshi Matsuhashi, Masao Mima, Tatsuya Mizushima, Takashi Kansaku, Kenji Front Behav Neurosci Behavioral Neuroscience Dysphagia is a severe disability affecting daily life in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). It is caused by degeneration of both the bulbar motor neurons and cortical motoneurons projecting to the oropharyngeal areas. A previous report showed decreased event-related desynchronization (ERD) in the medial sensorimotor areas in ALS dysphagic patients. In the process of degeneration, brain reorganization may also be induced in other areas than the sensorimotor cortices. Furthermore, ALS patients with dysphagia often show a longer duration of swallowing. However, there have been no reports on brain activity in other cortical areas and the time course of brain activity during prolonged swallowing in these patients. In this case report, we investigated the distribution and the time course of ERD and corticomuscular coherence (CMC) in the beta (15–25 Hz) frequency band during volitional swallow using electroencephalography (EEG) in two patients with ALS. Case 1 (a 71-year-old man) was diagnosed 2 years before the evaluation. His first symptom was muscle weakness in the right hand; 5 months later, dysphagia developed and exacerbated. Since his dietary intake decreased, he was given an implantable venous access port. Case 2 (a 64-year-old woman) was diagnosed 1 year before the evaluation. Her first symptom was open-nasal voice and dysarthria; 3 months later, dysphagia developed and exacerbated. She was given a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. EEG recordings were performed during volitional swallowing, and the ERD was calculated. The average swallow durations were 7.6 ± 3.0 s in Case 1 and 8.3 ± 2.9 s in Case 2. The significant ERD was localized in the prefrontal and premotor areas and lasted from a few seconds after the initiation of swallowing to the end in Case 1. The ERD was localized in the lateral sensorimotor areas only at the initiation of swallowing in Case 2. CMC was not observed in either case. These results suggest that compensatory processes for cortical motor outputs might depend on individual patients and that a new therapeutic approach using ERD should be developed according to the individuality of ALS patients with dysphagia. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-02-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8888887/ /pubmed/35250502 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2022.798375 Text en Copyright © 2022 Ogawa, Koganemaru, Takahashi, Takemura, Irisawa, Matsuhashi, Mima, Mizushima and Kansaku. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Behavioral Neuroscience Ogawa, Akari Koganemaru, Satoko Takahashi, Toshimitsu Takemura, Yuu Irisawa, Hiroshi Matsuhashi, Masao Mima, Tatsuya Mizushima, Takashi Kansaku, Kenji Case Report: Event-Related Desynchronization Observed During Volitional Swallow by Electroencephalography Recordings in ALS Patients With Dysphagia |
title | Case Report: Event-Related Desynchronization Observed During Volitional Swallow by Electroencephalography Recordings in ALS Patients With Dysphagia |
title_full | Case Report: Event-Related Desynchronization Observed During Volitional Swallow by Electroencephalography Recordings in ALS Patients With Dysphagia |
title_fullStr | Case Report: Event-Related Desynchronization Observed During Volitional Swallow by Electroencephalography Recordings in ALS Patients With Dysphagia |
title_full_unstemmed | Case Report: Event-Related Desynchronization Observed During Volitional Swallow by Electroencephalography Recordings in ALS Patients With Dysphagia |
title_short | Case Report: Event-Related Desynchronization Observed During Volitional Swallow by Electroencephalography Recordings in ALS Patients With Dysphagia |
title_sort | case report: event-related desynchronization observed during volitional swallow by electroencephalography recordings in als patients with dysphagia |
topic | Behavioral Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8888887/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35250502 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2022.798375 |
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