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Incidence and survival in oral and pharyngeal cancers in Finland and Sweden through half century

BACKGROUND: Cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx encompass a heterogeneous group of cancers for which known risk factors include smoking, alcohol consumption and human papilloma virus (HPV) infection but their influence is site-specific with HPV mainly influencing oropharyngeal cancer. Their incid...

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Autores principales: Koskinen, Anni I., Hemminki, Otto, Försti, Asta, Hemminki, Kari
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8889707/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35236321
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12885-022-09337-2
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author Koskinen, Anni I.
Hemminki, Otto
Försti, Asta
Hemminki, Kari
author_facet Koskinen, Anni I.
Hemminki, Otto
Försti, Asta
Hemminki, Kari
author_sort Koskinen, Anni I.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx encompass a heterogeneous group of cancers for which known risk factors include smoking, alcohol consumption and human papilloma virus (HPV) infection but their influence is site-specific with HPV mainly influencing oropharyngeal cancer. Their incidence and survival rates are not well known over extended periods of time. PATIENTS/METHODS: Data were obtained for Finnish (FI) and Swedish (SE) patients from the Nordcan database recently updated through 2019. Age-adjusted incidence trends (FI from 1953, SE from 1960) and relative survival rates for years 1970 through 2019 were calculated. RESULTS: We observed a prominent increase in oral and oropharyngeal cancers in FI and SE men and women but the trend for oral cancer was interrupted for SE men in 1985 and possibly also for FI and SE women in 2015. The trend changes in male and female oral cancer was confirmed in data for Denmark and Norway. Relative survival for these cancers has improved overall but they differed for one cluster of oral, oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal cancers with 60–70% 5-year survival in the last period and hypopharyngeal cancer with 25% male survival. In all these cancers, survival for old patients was unfavorable. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: We hypothesize that reduction in smoking prevalence helped to stop the increase in oral cancer especially in men. As the prevalence of smoking is decreasing, HPV is becoming a dominant risk factor, particularly for the increasing oropharyngeal cancer. Prevention needs to emphasize sexual hygiene and HPV vaccination. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09337-2.
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spelling pubmed-88897072022-03-09 Incidence and survival in oral and pharyngeal cancers in Finland and Sweden through half century Koskinen, Anni I. Hemminki, Otto Försti, Asta Hemminki, Kari BMC Cancer Research BACKGROUND: Cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx encompass a heterogeneous group of cancers for which known risk factors include smoking, alcohol consumption and human papilloma virus (HPV) infection but their influence is site-specific with HPV mainly influencing oropharyngeal cancer. Their incidence and survival rates are not well known over extended periods of time. PATIENTS/METHODS: Data were obtained for Finnish (FI) and Swedish (SE) patients from the Nordcan database recently updated through 2019. Age-adjusted incidence trends (FI from 1953, SE from 1960) and relative survival rates for years 1970 through 2019 were calculated. RESULTS: We observed a prominent increase in oral and oropharyngeal cancers in FI and SE men and women but the trend for oral cancer was interrupted for SE men in 1985 and possibly also for FI and SE women in 2015. The trend changes in male and female oral cancer was confirmed in data for Denmark and Norway. Relative survival for these cancers has improved overall but they differed for one cluster of oral, oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal cancers with 60–70% 5-year survival in the last period and hypopharyngeal cancer with 25% male survival. In all these cancers, survival for old patients was unfavorable. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: We hypothesize that reduction in smoking prevalence helped to stop the increase in oral cancer especially in men. As the prevalence of smoking is decreasing, HPV is becoming a dominant risk factor, particularly for the increasing oropharyngeal cancer. Prevention needs to emphasize sexual hygiene and HPV vaccination. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09337-2. BioMed Central 2022-03-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8889707/ /pubmed/35236321 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12885-022-09337-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Koskinen, Anni I.
Hemminki, Otto
Försti, Asta
Hemminki, Kari
Incidence and survival in oral and pharyngeal cancers in Finland and Sweden through half century
title Incidence and survival in oral and pharyngeal cancers in Finland and Sweden through half century
title_full Incidence and survival in oral and pharyngeal cancers in Finland and Sweden through half century
title_fullStr Incidence and survival in oral and pharyngeal cancers in Finland and Sweden through half century
title_full_unstemmed Incidence and survival in oral and pharyngeal cancers in Finland and Sweden through half century
title_short Incidence and survival in oral and pharyngeal cancers in Finland and Sweden through half century
title_sort incidence and survival in oral and pharyngeal cancers in finland and sweden through half century
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8889707/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35236321
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12885-022-09337-2
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