“Wearables only work on patients that wear them”: Barriers and facilitators to the adoption of wearable cardiac monitoring technologies

BACKGROUND: Wearable technologies are increasingly popular. Yet their use remains low by older adults, who may stand the greatest benefit of use. While there is an abundance of research examining the performance, accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity of wearable devices, many barriers remain and need to be addressed to optimize uptake in clinical practice. There is a paucity of research exploring factors that help to understand barriers and facilitators to inform acceptance, adoption, wearability, and sustainability of use. OBJECTIVES: (1) To explore the perceptions and experiences of older adults and health professionals about using wearable cardiac monitoring technologies, and (2) to identify barriers and facilitators of acceptance and uptake of these devices in clinical practice. METHODS: A systematic review with a qualitative meta-synthesis was undertaken. RESULTS: A total of 7 original research studies were included. Four interrelated themes emerged: (1) trust, including safety, and confidence; (2) functionality and affordability; (3) risks; and (4) assurance. CONCLUSION: There are many barriers and facilitators to the adoption of wearable devices based on experiences of older adults, health professionals, and carers. Most significant factors related to the design aspects of the devices, appropriate and timely feedback, user-friendly technology, and issues related to affordability and cost.