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Speech Perception in Older Adults: An Interplay of Hearing, Cognition, and Learning?

Older adults with age-related hearing loss exhibit substantial individual differences in speech perception in adverse listening conditions. We propose that the ability to rapidly adapt to changes in the auditory environment (i.e., perceptual learning) is among the processes contributing to these ind...

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Autores principales: Shechter Shvartzman, Liat, Lavie, Limor, Banai, Karen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8891456/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35250748
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.816864
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author Shechter Shvartzman, Liat
Lavie, Limor
Banai, Karen
author_facet Shechter Shvartzman, Liat
Lavie, Limor
Banai, Karen
author_sort Shechter Shvartzman, Liat
collection PubMed
description Older adults with age-related hearing loss exhibit substantial individual differences in speech perception in adverse listening conditions. We propose that the ability to rapidly adapt to changes in the auditory environment (i.e., perceptual learning) is among the processes contributing to these individual differences, in addition to the cognitive and sensory processes that were explored in the past. Seventy older adults with age-related hearing loss participated in this study. We assessed the relative contribution of hearing acuity, cognitive factors (working memory, vocabulary, and selective attention), rapid perceptual learning of time-compressed speech, and hearing aid use to the perception of speech presented at a natural fast rate (fast speech), speech embedded in babble noise (speech in noise), and competing speech (dichotic listening). Speech perception was modeled as a function of the other variables. For fast speech, age [odds ratio (OR) = 0.79], hearing acuity (OR = 0.62), pre-learning (baseline) perception of time-compressed speech (OR = 1.47), and rapid perceptual learning (OR = 1.36) were all significant predictors. For speech in noise, only hearing and pre-learning perception of time-compressed speech were significant predictors (OR = 0.51 and OR = 1.53, respectively). Consistent with previous findings, the severity of hearing loss and auditory processing (as captured by pre-learning perception of time-compressed speech) was strong contributors to individual differences in fast speech and speech in noise perception. Furthermore, older adults with good rapid perceptual learning can use this capacity to partially offset the effects of age and hearing loss on the perception of speech presented at fast conversational rates. Our results highlight the potential contribution of dynamic processes to speech perception.
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spelling pubmed-88914562022-03-04 Speech Perception in Older Adults: An Interplay of Hearing, Cognition, and Learning? Shechter Shvartzman, Liat Lavie, Limor Banai, Karen Front Psychol Psychology Older adults with age-related hearing loss exhibit substantial individual differences in speech perception in adverse listening conditions. We propose that the ability to rapidly adapt to changes in the auditory environment (i.e., perceptual learning) is among the processes contributing to these individual differences, in addition to the cognitive and sensory processes that were explored in the past. Seventy older adults with age-related hearing loss participated in this study. We assessed the relative contribution of hearing acuity, cognitive factors (working memory, vocabulary, and selective attention), rapid perceptual learning of time-compressed speech, and hearing aid use to the perception of speech presented at a natural fast rate (fast speech), speech embedded in babble noise (speech in noise), and competing speech (dichotic listening). Speech perception was modeled as a function of the other variables. For fast speech, age [odds ratio (OR) = 0.79], hearing acuity (OR = 0.62), pre-learning (baseline) perception of time-compressed speech (OR = 1.47), and rapid perceptual learning (OR = 1.36) were all significant predictors. For speech in noise, only hearing and pre-learning perception of time-compressed speech were significant predictors (OR = 0.51 and OR = 1.53, respectively). Consistent with previous findings, the severity of hearing loss and auditory processing (as captured by pre-learning perception of time-compressed speech) was strong contributors to individual differences in fast speech and speech in noise perception. Furthermore, older adults with good rapid perceptual learning can use this capacity to partially offset the effects of age and hearing loss on the perception of speech presented at fast conversational rates. Our results highlight the potential contribution of dynamic processes to speech perception. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-02-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8891456/ /pubmed/35250748 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.816864 Text en Copyright © 2022 Shechter Shvartzman, Lavie and Banai. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychology
Shechter Shvartzman, Liat
Lavie, Limor
Banai, Karen
Speech Perception in Older Adults: An Interplay of Hearing, Cognition, and Learning?
title Speech Perception in Older Adults: An Interplay of Hearing, Cognition, and Learning?
title_full Speech Perception in Older Adults: An Interplay of Hearing, Cognition, and Learning?
title_fullStr Speech Perception in Older Adults: An Interplay of Hearing, Cognition, and Learning?
title_full_unstemmed Speech Perception in Older Adults: An Interplay of Hearing, Cognition, and Learning?
title_short Speech Perception in Older Adults: An Interplay of Hearing, Cognition, and Learning?
title_sort speech perception in older adults: an interplay of hearing, cognition, and learning?
topic Psychology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8891456/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35250748
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.816864
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