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Learning from a rare phenomenon — spontaneous clearance of chronic hepatitis C virus post-liver transplant: A case report

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) can lead to chronic liver damage resulting in cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Spontaneous clearance of HCV has been documented after an acute infection in 20%-45% of individuals. However, spontaneously resolved chronic hepatitis C following liver transplan...

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Autores principales: Singh, Noreen, Ma, Mang, Montano-Loza, Aldo J, Bhanji, Rahima A
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8891670/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35317181
http://dx.doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v14.i2.456
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author Singh, Noreen
Ma, Mang
Montano-Loza, Aldo J
Bhanji, Rahima A
author_facet Singh, Noreen
Ma, Mang
Montano-Loza, Aldo J
Bhanji, Rahima A
author_sort Singh, Noreen
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) can lead to chronic liver damage resulting in cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Spontaneous clearance of HCV has been documented after an acute infection in 20%-45% of individuals. However, spontaneously resolved chronic hepatitis C following liver transplant (LT) is rare and has been documented only in a few case reports. The phenomenon of spontaneous clearance of chronic hepatitis C occurs together with other meaningful events, which are typically associated with significant changes in the host immunity. CASE SUMMARY: We report three cases of spontaneous resolution of chronic hepatitis C following liver transplantation. These patients either failed or had no HCV treatment prior to transplant, but had spontaneous resolution of HCV post-LT as documented by undetectable polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Diagnosis of HCV was based on viremia through PCR or liver biopsy. All three patients currently undergo surveillance and have no recurrence of HCV. CONCLUSION: Examining each patient’s clinical course, we learned about many viral, host and cellular-factors that may have enhanced the host’s immunity leading to spontaneous clearance of HCV. Though HCV treatment has excellent cure rates, understanding this mechanism may provide clinicians with insights regarding timing and duration of treatment.
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spelling pubmed-88916702022-03-21 Learning from a rare phenomenon — spontaneous clearance of chronic hepatitis C virus post-liver transplant: A case report Singh, Noreen Ma, Mang Montano-Loza, Aldo J Bhanji, Rahima A World J Hepatol Case Report BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) can lead to chronic liver damage resulting in cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Spontaneous clearance of HCV has been documented after an acute infection in 20%-45% of individuals. However, spontaneously resolved chronic hepatitis C following liver transplant (LT) is rare and has been documented only in a few case reports. The phenomenon of spontaneous clearance of chronic hepatitis C occurs together with other meaningful events, which are typically associated with significant changes in the host immunity. CASE SUMMARY: We report three cases of spontaneous resolution of chronic hepatitis C following liver transplantation. These patients either failed or had no HCV treatment prior to transplant, but had spontaneous resolution of HCV post-LT as documented by undetectable polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Diagnosis of HCV was based on viremia through PCR or liver biopsy. All three patients currently undergo surveillance and have no recurrence of HCV. CONCLUSION: Examining each patient’s clinical course, we learned about many viral, host and cellular-factors that may have enhanced the host’s immunity leading to spontaneous clearance of HCV. Though HCV treatment has excellent cure rates, understanding this mechanism may provide clinicians with insights regarding timing and duration of treatment. Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2022-02-27 2022-02-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8891670/ /pubmed/35317181 http://dx.doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v14.i2.456 Text en ©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
spellingShingle Case Report
Singh, Noreen
Ma, Mang
Montano-Loza, Aldo J
Bhanji, Rahima A
Learning from a rare phenomenon — spontaneous clearance of chronic hepatitis C virus post-liver transplant: A case report
title Learning from a rare phenomenon — spontaneous clearance of chronic hepatitis C virus post-liver transplant: A case report
title_full Learning from a rare phenomenon — spontaneous clearance of chronic hepatitis C virus post-liver transplant: A case report
title_fullStr Learning from a rare phenomenon — spontaneous clearance of chronic hepatitis C virus post-liver transplant: A case report
title_full_unstemmed Learning from a rare phenomenon — spontaneous clearance of chronic hepatitis C virus post-liver transplant: A case report
title_short Learning from a rare phenomenon — spontaneous clearance of chronic hepatitis C virus post-liver transplant: A case report
title_sort learning from a rare phenomenon — spontaneous clearance of chronic hepatitis c virus post-liver transplant: a case report
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8891670/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35317181
http://dx.doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v14.i2.456
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