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Quantifying the Colonization of Environmental Microbes in the Fish Gut: A Case Study of Wild Fish Populations in the Yangtze River

In aquatic animals, gut microbial communities shift with host development and living environments. Understanding the mechanism by which the environment impacts the gut microbial communities of aquatic animals is crucial for assessing and managing aquatic ecosystem health. Here, we proposed a simplif...

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Autores principales: Yang, Haile, Wu, Jinming, Du, Hao, Zhang, Hui, Li, Junyi, Wei, Qiwei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8891936/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35250916
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.828409
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author Yang, Haile
Wu, Jinming
Du, Hao
Zhang, Hui
Li, Junyi
Wei, Qiwei
author_facet Yang, Haile
Wu, Jinming
Du, Hao
Zhang, Hui
Li, Junyi
Wei, Qiwei
author_sort Yang, Haile
collection PubMed
description In aquatic animals, gut microbial communities shift with host development and living environments. Understanding the mechanism by which the environment impacts the gut microbial communities of aquatic animals is crucial for assessing and managing aquatic ecosystem health. Here, we proposed a simplified framework for the colonization and dynamics of gut microbial communities. Then, to quantify the colonization of environmental microbes in the wild fish gut, the current study used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to obtain the structure of the water environmental microbial community and the gut microbial community in 10 wild fish populations (Leiocassis crassilabris, Leiocassis longirostris, Pelteobagrus vachelli, Silurus asotus, Siniperca chuatsi, Coilia brachygnathus, Aristichthys nobilis, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Coreius heterodon, and Xenocypris argentea) from the Wuhan section of the Yangtze River, and the relationship of these microbial communities was analyzed. The results identified that in most individuals, approximately 80% of gut microbes [at the operational taxonomic unit (OTU) level] were shared with the water environmental microbial community (except for individuals of Siniperca chuatsi and Coilia brachygnathus, approximately 74%). In approximately 80% of individuals, more than 95% of microbial species (OTUs) in the gut were transient. For fish species, more than 99% of microbial species (OTUs) that were introduced into the gut were transient. Nearly 79% of OTUs and 89% of species of water environmental microbes could be introduced into the fish gut. Driven by the introduction of transient microbes, fishes with similar feeding habits had similar gut microbial communities. The results indicated that for adult wild fishes, most gut microbiota were transient from the environmental microbiota that were related to fish feeding habits. We therefore encourage future research to focus on environmental microbiota monitoring and management to promote the better conservation of aquatic animals. It was important to note that, because of various influence factors, interspecific differences and individual variations on gut microbial community characteristics, the quantification of gut microbes in the current work was approximate rather than accurate. We hope that more comparable research could be conducted to outline the quantitative characteristics of the relationship between gut microbial community and aquatic environment microbial community as soon as possible.
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spelling pubmed-88919362022-03-04 Quantifying the Colonization of Environmental Microbes in the Fish Gut: A Case Study of Wild Fish Populations in the Yangtze River Yang, Haile Wu, Jinming Du, Hao Zhang, Hui Li, Junyi Wei, Qiwei Front Microbiol Microbiology In aquatic animals, gut microbial communities shift with host development and living environments. Understanding the mechanism by which the environment impacts the gut microbial communities of aquatic animals is crucial for assessing and managing aquatic ecosystem health. Here, we proposed a simplified framework for the colonization and dynamics of gut microbial communities. Then, to quantify the colonization of environmental microbes in the wild fish gut, the current study used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to obtain the structure of the water environmental microbial community and the gut microbial community in 10 wild fish populations (Leiocassis crassilabris, Leiocassis longirostris, Pelteobagrus vachelli, Silurus asotus, Siniperca chuatsi, Coilia brachygnathus, Aristichthys nobilis, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Coreius heterodon, and Xenocypris argentea) from the Wuhan section of the Yangtze River, and the relationship of these microbial communities was analyzed. The results identified that in most individuals, approximately 80% of gut microbes [at the operational taxonomic unit (OTU) level] were shared with the water environmental microbial community (except for individuals of Siniperca chuatsi and Coilia brachygnathus, approximately 74%). In approximately 80% of individuals, more than 95% of microbial species (OTUs) in the gut were transient. For fish species, more than 99% of microbial species (OTUs) that were introduced into the gut were transient. Nearly 79% of OTUs and 89% of species of water environmental microbes could be introduced into the fish gut. Driven by the introduction of transient microbes, fishes with similar feeding habits had similar gut microbial communities. The results indicated that for adult wild fishes, most gut microbiota were transient from the environmental microbiota that were related to fish feeding habits. We therefore encourage future research to focus on environmental microbiota monitoring and management to promote the better conservation of aquatic animals. It was important to note that, because of various influence factors, interspecific differences and individual variations on gut microbial community characteristics, the quantification of gut microbes in the current work was approximate rather than accurate. We hope that more comparable research could be conducted to outline the quantitative characteristics of the relationship between gut microbial community and aquatic environment microbial community as soon as possible. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-02-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8891936/ /pubmed/35250916 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.828409 Text en Copyright © 2022 Yang, Wu, Du, Zhang, Li and Wei. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Yang, Haile
Wu, Jinming
Du, Hao
Zhang, Hui
Li, Junyi
Wei, Qiwei
Quantifying the Colonization of Environmental Microbes in the Fish Gut: A Case Study of Wild Fish Populations in the Yangtze River
title Quantifying the Colonization of Environmental Microbes in the Fish Gut: A Case Study of Wild Fish Populations in the Yangtze River
title_full Quantifying the Colonization of Environmental Microbes in the Fish Gut: A Case Study of Wild Fish Populations in the Yangtze River
title_fullStr Quantifying the Colonization of Environmental Microbes in the Fish Gut: A Case Study of Wild Fish Populations in the Yangtze River
title_full_unstemmed Quantifying the Colonization of Environmental Microbes in the Fish Gut: A Case Study of Wild Fish Populations in the Yangtze River
title_short Quantifying the Colonization of Environmental Microbes in the Fish Gut: A Case Study of Wild Fish Populations in the Yangtze River
title_sort quantifying the colonization of environmental microbes in the fish gut: a case study of wild fish populations in the yangtze river
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8891936/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35250916
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.828409
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