Insights into a Low-Rank Naomaohu Coal Structural Information by Multistage Fractions Coupled with LIAD-VUVPI-TOFMS

[Image: see text] In-depth insights into the chemical composition and structural information of coal are an effective way to improve the efficiency of coal utilization. Laser-induced acoustic desorption coupling with vacuum ultraviolet photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LIAD-VUVPI-TOFMS) was applied to structural characterization of cyclohexane extracts of low-rank Naomaohu coal. The characterization of four types (12 model compounds) of mixed coal model compounds (three compounds per category)—saturated hydrocarbons, substitute aromatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, and aromatic heteroatom rings—demonstrated that the approach can provide intact molecular weight information. The cyclohexanone extract (E(CYC)) was obtained by microwave-assisted extraction and separated into four group components (F1–4) by column chromatography to achieve component classification and simplify analysis. The molecular weight and structure were obtained by LIAD-VUVPI-TOFMS and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy, combined with microwave-assisted extraction and column chromatography to separate product characteristics. Chemical components of a total of 248 species were observed, of which 46 are derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons embedded in the coal skeleton structure, 132 species are derived from aromatic hydrocarbons embedded in the coal skeleton structure, 61 are derived from possible coal skeleton units (compounds have obvious stacking and bonding effects), and 9 could not be determined (aromatic hydrocarbons or a possible coal skeleton structure unit).