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Analysis and comparison of protein secondary structures in the rachis of avian flight feathers
Avians have evolved many different modes of flying as well as various types of feathers for adapting to varied environments. However, the protein content and ratio of protein secondary structures (PSSs) in mature flight feathers are less understood. Further research is needed to understand the propo...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
PeerJ Inc.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8893027/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35251779 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12919 |
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author | Lin, Pin-Yen Huang, Pei-Yu Lee, Yao-Chang Ng, Chen Siang |
author_facet | Lin, Pin-Yen Huang, Pei-Yu Lee, Yao-Chang Ng, Chen Siang |
author_sort | Lin, Pin-Yen |
collection | PubMed |
description | Avians have evolved many different modes of flying as well as various types of feathers for adapting to varied environments. However, the protein content and ratio of protein secondary structures (PSSs) in mature flight feathers are less understood. Further research is needed to understand the proportions of PSSs in feather shafts adapted to various flight modes in different avian species. Flight feathers were analyzed in chicken, mallard, sacred ibis, crested goshawk, collared scops owl, budgie, and zebra finch to investigate the PSSs that have evolved in the feather cortex and medulla by using nondestructive attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). In addition, synchrotron radiation-based, Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy (SR-FTIRM) was utilized to measure and analyze cross-sections of the feather shafts of seven bird species at a high lateral resolution to resolve the composition of proteins distributed within the sampled area of interest. In this study, significant amounts of α-keratin and collagen components were observed in flight feather shafts, suggesting that these proteins play significant roles in the mechanical strength of flight feathers. This investigation increases our understanding of adaptations to flight by elucidating the structural and mechanistic basis of the feather composition. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8893027 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88930272022-03-04 Analysis and comparison of protein secondary structures in the rachis of avian flight feathers Lin, Pin-Yen Huang, Pei-Yu Lee, Yao-Chang Ng, Chen Siang PeerJ Biochemistry Avians have evolved many different modes of flying as well as various types of feathers for adapting to varied environments. However, the protein content and ratio of protein secondary structures (PSSs) in mature flight feathers are less understood. Further research is needed to understand the proportions of PSSs in feather shafts adapted to various flight modes in different avian species. Flight feathers were analyzed in chicken, mallard, sacred ibis, crested goshawk, collared scops owl, budgie, and zebra finch to investigate the PSSs that have evolved in the feather cortex and medulla by using nondestructive attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). In addition, synchrotron radiation-based, Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy (SR-FTIRM) was utilized to measure and analyze cross-sections of the feather shafts of seven bird species at a high lateral resolution to resolve the composition of proteins distributed within the sampled area of interest. In this study, significant amounts of α-keratin and collagen components were observed in flight feather shafts, suggesting that these proteins play significant roles in the mechanical strength of flight feathers. This investigation increases our understanding of adaptations to flight by elucidating the structural and mechanistic basis of the feather composition. PeerJ Inc. 2022-02-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8893027/ /pubmed/35251779 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12919 Text en ©2022 Lin et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited. |
spellingShingle | Biochemistry Lin, Pin-Yen Huang, Pei-Yu Lee, Yao-Chang Ng, Chen Siang Analysis and comparison of protein secondary structures in the rachis of avian flight feathers |
title | Analysis and comparison of protein secondary structures in the rachis of avian flight feathers |
title_full | Analysis and comparison of protein secondary structures in the rachis of avian flight feathers |
title_fullStr | Analysis and comparison of protein secondary structures in the rachis of avian flight feathers |
title_full_unstemmed | Analysis and comparison of protein secondary structures in the rachis of avian flight feathers |
title_short | Analysis and comparison of protein secondary structures in the rachis of avian flight feathers |
title_sort | analysis and comparison of protein secondary structures in the rachis of avian flight feathers |
topic | Biochemistry |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8893027/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35251779 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12919 |
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