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The burden of primary liver cancer caused by specific etiologies from 1990 to 2019 at the global, regional, and national levels
BACKGROUND: Liver cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. We aimed to report the burden of liver cancer at the global, regional, and national levels in 204 countries from 1990 to 2019, stratified by etiology, sex, age, and sociodemographic index (SDI). METHODS: Data of mortality, inciden...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8894689/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34989144 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cam4.4530 |
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author | Yang, Jianqing Pan, Guangdong Guan, Linjing Liu, Zhipeng Wu, Yongrong Liu, Zhen Lu, Wuchang Li, Shuai Xu, Honglai Ouyang, Guoqing |
author_facet | Yang, Jianqing Pan, Guangdong Guan, Linjing Liu, Zhipeng Wu, Yongrong Liu, Zhen Lu, Wuchang Li, Shuai Xu, Honglai Ouyang, Guoqing |
author_sort | Yang, Jianqing |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Liver cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. We aimed to report the burden of liver cancer at the global, regional, and national levels in 204 countries from 1990 to 2019, stratified by etiology, sex, age, and sociodemographic index (SDI). METHODS: Data of mortality, incidence, and disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) of liver cancer and its etiology were available from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) Study 2019. The trends in the liver cancer burden were assessed by the annual percentage change. All estimates are presented as numbers and age‐standardized rates (ASRs) per 100,000 population, with uncertainty intervals (UIs). RESULTS: Globally, 484,577 (95% UI 444,091–525,798) mortalities, 534,364 (486,550–588,639) incident cases, and 12,528,422 (11,400,671–13,687,675) disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) due to liver cancer occurred in 2019. The ASRs were 5.95 (5.44–6.44), 6.51 (5.95–7.16), and 151.08 (137.53–164.8) per 100,000 population for the mortalities, incidences, and DALYs, respectively. From 1990 to 2019, the numbers increased, whereas the ASRs decreased. Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C are the major causes of liver cancer mortality. The liver cancer mortality in 2019 increased with age, peaking at 65–69 and 70–74 age group in males and females, respectively, and the number was higher in males than in females. Generally, there were nonlinear associations between the ASR and SDIs values at the regional and national levels. China had the highest numbers of mortalities, incident cases, and DALYs, whereas Mongolia has the highest ASR in 2019. CONCLUSION: Liver cancer remains a major public health issue worldwide, but etiological and geographical variations exist. It is necessary to increase awareness of the population regarding liver cancer, its etiologies and the importance of early detection, and diagnosis and treatment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8894689 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88946892022-03-10 The burden of primary liver cancer caused by specific etiologies from 1990 to 2019 at the global, regional, and national levels Yang, Jianqing Pan, Guangdong Guan, Linjing Liu, Zhipeng Wu, Yongrong Liu, Zhen Lu, Wuchang Li, Shuai Xu, Honglai Ouyang, Guoqing Cancer Med RESEARCH ARTICLES BACKGROUND: Liver cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. We aimed to report the burden of liver cancer at the global, regional, and national levels in 204 countries from 1990 to 2019, stratified by etiology, sex, age, and sociodemographic index (SDI). METHODS: Data of mortality, incidence, and disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) of liver cancer and its etiology were available from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) Study 2019. The trends in the liver cancer burden were assessed by the annual percentage change. All estimates are presented as numbers and age‐standardized rates (ASRs) per 100,000 population, with uncertainty intervals (UIs). RESULTS: Globally, 484,577 (95% UI 444,091–525,798) mortalities, 534,364 (486,550–588,639) incident cases, and 12,528,422 (11,400,671–13,687,675) disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) due to liver cancer occurred in 2019. The ASRs were 5.95 (5.44–6.44), 6.51 (5.95–7.16), and 151.08 (137.53–164.8) per 100,000 population for the mortalities, incidences, and DALYs, respectively. From 1990 to 2019, the numbers increased, whereas the ASRs decreased. Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C are the major causes of liver cancer mortality. The liver cancer mortality in 2019 increased with age, peaking at 65–69 and 70–74 age group in males and females, respectively, and the number was higher in males than in females. Generally, there were nonlinear associations between the ASR and SDIs values at the regional and national levels. China had the highest numbers of mortalities, incident cases, and DALYs, whereas Mongolia has the highest ASR in 2019. CONCLUSION: Liver cancer remains a major public health issue worldwide, but etiological and geographical variations exist. It is necessary to increase awareness of the population regarding liver cancer, its etiologies and the importance of early detection, and diagnosis and treatment. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-01-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8894689/ /pubmed/34989144 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cam4.4530 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | RESEARCH ARTICLES Yang, Jianqing Pan, Guangdong Guan, Linjing Liu, Zhipeng Wu, Yongrong Liu, Zhen Lu, Wuchang Li, Shuai Xu, Honglai Ouyang, Guoqing The burden of primary liver cancer caused by specific etiologies from 1990 to 2019 at the global, regional, and national levels |
title | The burden of primary liver cancer caused by specific etiologies from 1990 to 2019 at the global, regional, and national levels |
title_full | The burden of primary liver cancer caused by specific etiologies from 1990 to 2019 at the global, regional, and national levels |
title_fullStr | The burden of primary liver cancer caused by specific etiologies from 1990 to 2019 at the global, regional, and national levels |
title_full_unstemmed | The burden of primary liver cancer caused by specific etiologies from 1990 to 2019 at the global, regional, and national levels |
title_short | The burden of primary liver cancer caused by specific etiologies from 1990 to 2019 at the global, regional, and national levels |
title_sort | burden of primary liver cancer caused by specific etiologies from 1990 to 2019 at the global, regional, and national levels |
topic | RESEARCH ARTICLES |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8894689/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34989144 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cam4.4530 |
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