Scedosporium apiospermium keratitis: a case report

BACKGROUND: Scedosporium apiospermum, an opportunistic and filamentous fungus, is a rarely seen ocular entity that is difficult to identify and heal. We report a challenging case of S. apiospermium keratitis and discuss the treatment modalities in light of previous studies. CASE PRESENTATION: A 30-year-old Turkish farmer with a history of contact lens misuse presented to our clinic with a painful corneal abscess and severe vision loss in his left eye. S. apiospermum was identified by spectrophotometric analysis. The patient was successfully treated with therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty, but was resistant to fluconazole and amphotericin B and susceptible but unresponsive to voriconazole. CONCLUSION: S. apiospermum keratitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients with history of ocular trauma and contact lens use, especially those who do not respond to treatment.