d-Lactic acid production from agricultural residues by membrane integrated continuous fermentation coupled with B vitamin supplementation

BACKGROUND: d-Lactic acid played an important role in the establishment of PLA as a substitute for petrochemical plastics. But, so far, the d-lactic acid production was limited in only pilot scale, which was definitely unable to meet the fast growing market demand. To achieve industrial scale d-lactic acid production, the cost-associated problems such as high-cost feedstock, expensive nutrient sources and fermentation technology need to be resolved to establish an economical fermentation process. RESULTS: In the present study, the combined effect of B vitamin supplementation and membrane integrated continuous fermentation on d-lactic acid production from agricultural lignocellulosic biomass by Lactobacillus delbrueckii was investigated. The results indicated the specific addition of vitamins B(1), B(2), B(3) and B(5) (VB(1), VB(2), VB(3) and VB(5)) could reduce the yeast extract (YE) addition from 10 to 3 g/l without obvious influence on fermentation efficiency. By employing cell recycling system in 350 h continuous fermentation with B vitamin supplementation, YE addition was further reduced to 0.5 g/l, which resulted in nutrient source cost reduction of 86%. A maximum d-lactate productivity of 18.56 g/l/h and optical purity of 99.5% were achieved and higher than most recent reports. CONCLUSION: These findings suggested the novel fermentation strategy proposed could effectively reduce the production cost and improve fermentation efficiency, thus exhibiting great potential in promoting industrial scale d-lactic acid production from lignocellulosic biomass. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13068-022-02124-y.