A Cluster-based Stratified Hybrid Decision Support Model under Uncertainty: Sustainable Healthcare Landfill Location Selection

Nowadays, healthcare waste management has become one of the significant environmental, health, and social problems. Due to population and urbanization growth and an increase in healthcare waste disposals according to the growing number of diseases and pandemics like COVID-19, disposal of healthcare waste has become a critical issue. Authorities in big cities require reliable decision support systems to empower them to make strategic decisions to provide safe disposal methods with a prospective vision. Since inappropriate healthcare waste management systems would definitely bring up dangerous environmental, social, health, and economic issues for every city. Therefore, this paper attempts to address the landfill location selection problem for healthcare waste using a novel decision support system. Novel decision support model integrates K-means algorithms with Stratified Best-Worst Method (SBWM) and a novel hybrid MARCOS-CoCoSo under grey interval numbers. The proposed decision support system considers waste generate rate in medical centers, future unforeseen but potential events, and uncertainty in experts’ opinion to optimally locate required landfills for safe and economical disposal of dangerous healthcare waste. To investigate the feasibility and applicability of the proposed methodology, a real case study is performed for Mazandaran province in Iran. Our proposed methodology could efficiently deal with 79 medical centers within 4 clusters addressing 9 criteria to prioritize candidate locations. Moreover, the sensitivity analysis of weight coefficients is carried out to evaluate the results. Finally, the efficiency of the methodology is compared with several well-known methods and its high efficiency is demonstrated. Results recommend adherence to local rules and regulations, and future expansion potential as the top two criteria with importance values of 0.173 and 0.164, respectively. Later, best location alternatives are determined for each cluster of medical centers.