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Interval Safety Layer Coupled With an Impulsive MPC for Artificial Pancreas to Handle Intrapatient Variability

The aim of control strategies for artificial pancreas systems is to calculate the insulin doses required by a subject with type 1 diabetes to regulate blood glucose levels by reducing hyperglycemia and avoiding the induction of hypoglycemia. Several control formulations developed for this end involv...

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Autores principales: Villa-Tamayo, María F., García-Jaramillo, Maira, León-Vargas, Fabian, Rivadeneira, Pablo S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8899654/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35265035
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.796521
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author Villa-Tamayo, María F.
García-Jaramillo, Maira
León-Vargas, Fabian
Rivadeneira, Pablo S.
author_facet Villa-Tamayo, María F.
García-Jaramillo, Maira
León-Vargas, Fabian
Rivadeneira, Pablo S.
author_sort Villa-Tamayo, María F.
collection PubMed
description The aim of control strategies for artificial pancreas systems is to calculate the insulin doses required by a subject with type 1 diabetes to regulate blood glucose levels by reducing hyperglycemia and avoiding the induction of hypoglycemia. Several control formulations developed for this end involve a safety constraint given by the insulin on board (IOB) estimation. This constraint has the purpose of reducing hypoglycemic episodes caused by insulin stacking. However, intrapatient variability constantly changes the patient’s response to insulin, and thus, an adaptive method is required to restrict the control action according to the current situation of the subject. In this work, the control action computed by an impulsive model predictive controller is modulated with a safety layer to satisfy an adaptive IOB constraint. This constraint is established with two main steps. First, upper and lower IOB bounds are generated with an interval model that accounts for parameter uncertainty, and thus, define the possible system responses. Second, the constraint is selected according to the current value of glycemia, an estimation of the plant-model mismatch, and their corresponding first and second time derivatives to anticipate the changes of both glucose levels and physiological variations. With this strategy satisfactory results were obtained in an adult cohort where random circadian variability and sensor noise were considered. A 92% time in normoglycemia was obtained, representing an increase of time in range compared to previous MPC strategies, and a reduction of time in hypoglycemia to 0% was achieved without dangerously increasing the time in hyperglycemia.
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spelling pubmed-88996542022-03-08 Interval Safety Layer Coupled With an Impulsive MPC for Artificial Pancreas to Handle Intrapatient Variability Villa-Tamayo, María F. García-Jaramillo, Maira León-Vargas, Fabian Rivadeneira, Pablo S. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Endocrinology The aim of control strategies for artificial pancreas systems is to calculate the insulin doses required by a subject with type 1 diabetes to regulate blood glucose levels by reducing hyperglycemia and avoiding the induction of hypoglycemia. Several control formulations developed for this end involve a safety constraint given by the insulin on board (IOB) estimation. This constraint has the purpose of reducing hypoglycemic episodes caused by insulin stacking. However, intrapatient variability constantly changes the patient’s response to insulin, and thus, an adaptive method is required to restrict the control action according to the current situation of the subject. In this work, the control action computed by an impulsive model predictive controller is modulated with a safety layer to satisfy an adaptive IOB constraint. This constraint is established with two main steps. First, upper and lower IOB bounds are generated with an interval model that accounts for parameter uncertainty, and thus, define the possible system responses. Second, the constraint is selected according to the current value of glycemia, an estimation of the plant-model mismatch, and their corresponding first and second time derivatives to anticipate the changes of both glucose levels and physiological variations. With this strategy satisfactory results were obtained in an adult cohort where random circadian variability and sensor noise were considered. A 92% time in normoglycemia was obtained, representing an increase of time in range compared to previous MPC strategies, and a reduction of time in hypoglycemia to 0% was achieved without dangerously increasing the time in hyperglycemia. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-02-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8899654/ /pubmed/35265035 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.796521 Text en Copyright © 2022 Villa-Tamayo, García-Jaramillo, León-Vargas and Rivadeneira https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Endocrinology
Villa-Tamayo, María F.
García-Jaramillo, Maira
León-Vargas, Fabian
Rivadeneira, Pablo S.
Interval Safety Layer Coupled With an Impulsive MPC for Artificial Pancreas to Handle Intrapatient Variability
title Interval Safety Layer Coupled With an Impulsive MPC for Artificial Pancreas to Handle Intrapatient Variability
title_full Interval Safety Layer Coupled With an Impulsive MPC for Artificial Pancreas to Handle Intrapatient Variability
title_fullStr Interval Safety Layer Coupled With an Impulsive MPC for Artificial Pancreas to Handle Intrapatient Variability
title_full_unstemmed Interval Safety Layer Coupled With an Impulsive MPC for Artificial Pancreas to Handle Intrapatient Variability
title_short Interval Safety Layer Coupled With an Impulsive MPC for Artificial Pancreas to Handle Intrapatient Variability
title_sort interval safety layer coupled with an impulsive mpc for artificial pancreas to handle intrapatient variability
topic Endocrinology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8899654/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35265035
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.796521
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