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The Effects of Uncertainty in Level on Speech-on-Speech Masking

Identification of speech from a "target" talker was measured in a speech-on-speech masking task with two simultaneous "masker" talkers. The overall level of each talker was either fixed or randomized throughout each stimulus presentation to investigate the effectiveness of level...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Byrne, Andrew J., Conroy, Christopher, Kidd, Gerald
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8902181/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35238259
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23312165221077555
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author Byrne, Andrew J.
Conroy, Christopher
Kidd, Gerald
author_facet Byrne, Andrew J.
Conroy, Christopher
Kidd, Gerald
author_sort Byrne, Andrew J.
collection PubMed
description Identification of speech from a "target" talker was measured in a speech-on-speech masking task with two simultaneous "masker" talkers. The overall level of each talker was either fixed or randomized throughout each stimulus presentation to investigate the effectiveness of level as a cue for segregating competing talkers and attending to the target. Experimental manipulations included varying the level difference between talkers and imposing three types of target level uncertainty: 1) fixed target level across trials, 2) random target level across trials, or 3) random target levels on a word-by-word basis within a trial. When the target level was predictable performance was better than corresponding conditions when the target level was uncertain. Masker confusions were consistent with a high degree of informational masking (IM). Furthermore, evidence was found for "tuning" in level and a level "release" from IM. These findings suggest that conforming to listener expectation about relative level, in addition to cues signaling talker identity, facilitates segregation of, and maintaining focus of attention on, a specific talker in multiple-talker communication situations.
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spelling pubmed-89021812022-03-09 The Effects of Uncertainty in Level on Speech-on-Speech Masking Byrne, Andrew J. Conroy, Christopher Kidd, Gerald Trends Hear Original Article Identification of speech from a "target" talker was measured in a speech-on-speech masking task with two simultaneous "masker" talkers. The overall level of each talker was either fixed or randomized throughout each stimulus presentation to investigate the effectiveness of level as a cue for segregating competing talkers and attending to the target. Experimental manipulations included varying the level difference between talkers and imposing three types of target level uncertainty: 1) fixed target level across trials, 2) random target level across trials, or 3) random target levels on a word-by-word basis within a trial. When the target level was predictable performance was better than corresponding conditions when the target level was uncertain. Masker confusions were consistent with a high degree of informational masking (IM). Furthermore, evidence was found for "tuning" in level and a level "release" from IM. These findings suggest that conforming to listener expectation about relative level, in addition to cues signaling talker identity, facilitates segregation of, and maintaining focus of attention on, a specific talker in multiple-talker communication situations. SAGE Publications 2022-03-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8902181/ /pubmed/35238259 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23312165221077555 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Original Article
Byrne, Andrew J.
Conroy, Christopher
Kidd, Gerald
The Effects of Uncertainty in Level on Speech-on-Speech Masking
title The Effects of Uncertainty in Level on Speech-on-Speech Masking
title_full The Effects of Uncertainty in Level on Speech-on-Speech Masking
title_fullStr The Effects of Uncertainty in Level on Speech-on-Speech Masking
title_full_unstemmed The Effects of Uncertainty in Level on Speech-on-Speech Masking
title_short The Effects of Uncertainty in Level on Speech-on-Speech Masking
title_sort effects of uncertainty in level on speech-on-speech masking
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8902181/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35238259
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23312165221077555
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