Cargando…

A flexible and stretchable bionic true random number generator

The volume of securely encrypted data transmission increases continuously in modern society with all things connected. Towards this end, true random numbers generated from physical sources are highly required for guaranteeing security of encryption and decryption schemes for exchanging sensitive inf...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Wan, Yongbiao, Chen, Kun, Huang, Feng, Wang, Pidong, Leng, Xiao, Li, Dong, Kang, Jianbin, Qiu, Zhiguang, Yao, Yao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Tsinghua University Press 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8902273/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35281218
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4109-9
_version_ 1784664566124249088
author Wan, Yongbiao
Chen, Kun
Huang, Feng
Wang, Pidong
Leng, Xiao
Li, Dong
Kang, Jianbin
Qiu, Zhiguang
Yao, Yao
author_facet Wan, Yongbiao
Chen, Kun
Huang, Feng
Wang, Pidong
Leng, Xiao
Li, Dong
Kang, Jianbin
Qiu, Zhiguang
Yao, Yao
author_sort Wan, Yongbiao
collection PubMed
description The volume of securely encrypted data transmission increases continuously in modern society with all things connected. Towards this end, true random numbers generated from physical sources are highly required for guaranteeing security of encryption and decryption schemes for exchanging sensitive information. However, majority of true random number generators (TRNGs) are mechanically rigid, and thus cannot be compatibly integrated with some specific flexible platforms. Herein, we present a flexible and stretchable bionic TRNG inspired by the uniqueness and randomness of biological architectures. The flexible TRNG film is molded from the surface microstructures of natural plants (e.g., ginkgo leaf) via a simple, low-cost, and environmentally friendly manufacturing process. In our proof-of-principle experiment, the TRNG exhibits a fast generation speed of up to 1.04 Gbit/s, in which random numbers are fully extracted from laser speckle patterns with a high extraction rate of 72%. Significantly, the resulting random bit streams successfully pass all randomness test suites including NIST, TestU01, and DIEHARDER. Even after 10,000 times cyclic stretching or bending tests, or during temperature shock (−25–80 °C), the bionic TRNG still reveals robust mechanical reliability and thermal stability. Such a flexible TRNG shows a promising potential in information security of emerging flexible networked electronics. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: Supplementary material (light path diagram of transmitted laser speckle, pseudo random pattern, statistical distribution of bionic microstructures, haze of the bionic TRNG film, multi-layer circular laser intensity pattern, percentage of bit 0/1 for different hashed images, Pearson correlation coefficient between 100 different speckle images, the whole process of randomness extraction, SEM images of the flexible TRNG film after 10,000 times stretching and bending, continuous work stability of the TRNG at low or high temperature, light path diagram of reflective laser speckle, and detailed randomness test results of NIST, TestU01, and DIEHARDER) is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s12274-022-4109-9.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8902273
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher Tsinghua University Press
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-89022732022-03-08 A flexible and stretchable bionic true random number generator Wan, Yongbiao Chen, Kun Huang, Feng Wang, Pidong Leng, Xiao Li, Dong Kang, Jianbin Qiu, Zhiguang Yao, Yao Nano Res Research Article The volume of securely encrypted data transmission increases continuously in modern society with all things connected. Towards this end, true random numbers generated from physical sources are highly required for guaranteeing security of encryption and decryption schemes for exchanging sensitive information. However, majority of true random number generators (TRNGs) are mechanically rigid, and thus cannot be compatibly integrated with some specific flexible platforms. Herein, we present a flexible and stretchable bionic TRNG inspired by the uniqueness and randomness of biological architectures. The flexible TRNG film is molded from the surface microstructures of natural plants (e.g., ginkgo leaf) via a simple, low-cost, and environmentally friendly manufacturing process. In our proof-of-principle experiment, the TRNG exhibits a fast generation speed of up to 1.04 Gbit/s, in which random numbers are fully extracted from laser speckle patterns with a high extraction rate of 72%. Significantly, the resulting random bit streams successfully pass all randomness test suites including NIST, TestU01, and DIEHARDER. Even after 10,000 times cyclic stretching or bending tests, or during temperature shock (−25–80 °C), the bionic TRNG still reveals robust mechanical reliability and thermal stability. Such a flexible TRNG shows a promising potential in information security of emerging flexible networked electronics. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: Supplementary material (light path diagram of transmitted laser speckle, pseudo random pattern, statistical distribution of bionic microstructures, haze of the bionic TRNG film, multi-layer circular laser intensity pattern, percentage of bit 0/1 for different hashed images, Pearson correlation coefficient between 100 different speckle images, the whole process of randomness extraction, SEM images of the flexible TRNG film after 10,000 times stretching and bending, continuous work stability of the TRNG at low or high temperature, light path diagram of reflective laser speckle, and detailed randomness test results of NIST, TestU01, and DIEHARDER) is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s12274-022-4109-9. Tsinghua University Press 2022-03-08 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC8902273/ /pubmed/35281218 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4109-9 Text en © Tsinghua University Press 2022 This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
spellingShingle Research Article
Wan, Yongbiao
Chen, Kun
Huang, Feng
Wang, Pidong
Leng, Xiao
Li, Dong
Kang, Jianbin
Qiu, Zhiguang
Yao, Yao
A flexible and stretchable bionic true random number generator
title A flexible and stretchable bionic true random number generator
title_full A flexible and stretchable bionic true random number generator
title_fullStr A flexible and stretchable bionic true random number generator
title_full_unstemmed A flexible and stretchable bionic true random number generator
title_short A flexible and stretchable bionic true random number generator
title_sort flexible and stretchable bionic true random number generator
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8902273/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35281218
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4109-9
work_keys_str_mv AT wanyongbiao aflexibleandstretchablebionictruerandomnumbergenerator
AT chenkun aflexibleandstretchablebionictruerandomnumbergenerator
AT huangfeng aflexibleandstretchablebionictruerandomnumbergenerator
AT wangpidong aflexibleandstretchablebionictruerandomnumbergenerator
AT lengxiao aflexibleandstretchablebionictruerandomnumbergenerator
AT lidong aflexibleandstretchablebionictruerandomnumbergenerator
AT kangjianbin aflexibleandstretchablebionictruerandomnumbergenerator
AT qiuzhiguang aflexibleandstretchablebionictruerandomnumbergenerator
AT yaoyao aflexibleandstretchablebionictruerandomnumbergenerator
AT wanyongbiao flexibleandstretchablebionictruerandomnumbergenerator
AT chenkun flexibleandstretchablebionictruerandomnumbergenerator
AT huangfeng flexibleandstretchablebionictruerandomnumbergenerator
AT wangpidong flexibleandstretchablebionictruerandomnumbergenerator
AT lengxiao flexibleandstretchablebionictruerandomnumbergenerator
AT lidong flexibleandstretchablebionictruerandomnumbergenerator
AT kangjianbin flexibleandstretchablebionictruerandomnumbergenerator
AT qiuzhiguang flexibleandstretchablebionictruerandomnumbergenerator
AT yaoyao flexibleandstretchablebionictruerandomnumbergenerator