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Nano-Antibacterials Using Medicinal Plant Components: An Overview
Gradual emergence of new bacterial strains, resistant to one or more antibiotics, necessitates development of new antibacterials to prevent us from newly evolved disease-causing, drug-resistant, pathogenic bacteria. Different inorganic and organic compounds have been synthesized as antibacterials, b...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8902597/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35273578 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.768739 |
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author | Ghosh, Sourav Nandi, Susmita Basu, Tarakdas |
author_facet | Ghosh, Sourav Nandi, Susmita Basu, Tarakdas |
author_sort | Ghosh, Sourav |
collection | PubMed |
description | Gradual emergence of new bacterial strains, resistant to one or more antibiotics, necessitates development of new antibacterials to prevent us from newly evolved disease-causing, drug-resistant, pathogenic bacteria. Different inorganic and organic compounds have been synthesized as antibacterials, but with the problem of toxicity. Other alternatives of using green products, i.e., the medicinal plant extracts with biocompatible and potent antibacterial characteristics, also had limitation because of their low aqueous solubility and therefore less bioavailability. Use of nanotechnological strategy appears to be a savior, where phytochemicals are nanonized through encapsulation or entrapment within inorganic or organic hydrophilic capping agents. Nanonization of such products not only makes them water soluble but also helps to attain high surface to volume ratio and therefore high reaction area of the nanonized products with better therapeutic potential, over that of the equivalent amount of raw bulk products. Medicinal plant extracts, whose prime components are flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, polyphenolic compounds, and essential oils, are in one hand nanonized (capped and stabilized) by polymers, lipids, or clay materials for developing nanodrugs; on the other hand, high antioxidant activity of those plant extracts is also used to reduce various metal salts to produce metallic nanoparticles. In this review, five medicinal plants, viz., tulsi (Ocimum sanctum), turmeric (Curcuma longa), aloe vera (Aloe vera), oregano (Oregano vulgare), and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus), with promising antibacterial potential and the nanoformulations associated with the plants’ crude extracts and their respective major components (eugenol, curcumin, anthraquinone, carvacrol, eucalyptus oil) have been discussed with respect to their antibacterial potency. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8902597 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89025972022-03-09 Nano-Antibacterials Using Medicinal Plant Components: An Overview Ghosh, Sourav Nandi, Susmita Basu, Tarakdas Front Microbiol Microbiology Gradual emergence of new bacterial strains, resistant to one or more antibiotics, necessitates development of new antibacterials to prevent us from newly evolved disease-causing, drug-resistant, pathogenic bacteria. Different inorganic and organic compounds have been synthesized as antibacterials, but with the problem of toxicity. Other alternatives of using green products, i.e., the medicinal plant extracts with biocompatible and potent antibacterial characteristics, also had limitation because of their low aqueous solubility and therefore less bioavailability. Use of nanotechnological strategy appears to be a savior, where phytochemicals are nanonized through encapsulation or entrapment within inorganic or organic hydrophilic capping agents. Nanonization of such products not only makes them water soluble but also helps to attain high surface to volume ratio and therefore high reaction area of the nanonized products with better therapeutic potential, over that of the equivalent amount of raw bulk products. Medicinal plant extracts, whose prime components are flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, polyphenolic compounds, and essential oils, are in one hand nanonized (capped and stabilized) by polymers, lipids, or clay materials for developing nanodrugs; on the other hand, high antioxidant activity of those plant extracts is also used to reduce various metal salts to produce metallic nanoparticles. In this review, five medicinal plants, viz., tulsi (Ocimum sanctum), turmeric (Curcuma longa), aloe vera (Aloe vera), oregano (Oregano vulgare), and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus), with promising antibacterial potential and the nanoformulations associated with the plants’ crude extracts and their respective major components (eugenol, curcumin, anthraquinone, carvacrol, eucalyptus oil) have been discussed with respect to their antibacterial potency. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-02-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8902597/ /pubmed/35273578 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.768739 Text en Copyright © 2022 Ghosh, Nandi and Basu. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Ghosh, Sourav Nandi, Susmita Basu, Tarakdas Nano-Antibacterials Using Medicinal Plant Components: An Overview |
title | Nano-Antibacterials Using Medicinal Plant Components: An Overview |
title_full | Nano-Antibacterials Using Medicinal Plant Components: An Overview |
title_fullStr | Nano-Antibacterials Using Medicinal Plant Components: An Overview |
title_full_unstemmed | Nano-Antibacterials Using Medicinal Plant Components: An Overview |
title_short | Nano-Antibacterials Using Medicinal Plant Components: An Overview |
title_sort | nano-antibacterials using medicinal plant components: an overview |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8902597/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35273578 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.768739 |
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