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NHX-Type Na(+)/H(+) Antiporter Gene Expression Under Different Salt Levels and Allelic Diversity of HvNHX in Wild and Cultivated Barleys
Salinity tolerance is a multifaceted trait attributed to various mechanisms. Wild barley is highly specialized to grow under severe environmental conditions of Tibet and is well-known for its diverse germplasm with high tolerance to abiotic stresses. The present study focused on determining the prof...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8902669/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35273633 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.809988 |
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author | Jabeen, Zahra Irshad, Faiza Hussain, Nazim Han, Yong Zhang, Guoping |
author_facet | Jabeen, Zahra Irshad, Faiza Hussain, Nazim Han, Yong Zhang, Guoping |
author_sort | Jabeen, Zahra |
collection | PubMed |
description | Salinity tolerance is a multifaceted trait attributed to various mechanisms. Wild barley is highly specialized to grow under severe environmental conditions of Tibet and is well-known for its diverse germplasm with high tolerance to abiotic stresses. The present study focused on determining the profile of the expression of isoforms of the HvNHX gene in 36 wild and two cultivated barley under salt stress. Our findings revealed that in leaves and roots, expression of HvNHX1 and HvNHX3 in XZ16 and CM72 was upregulated at all times as compared with sensitive ones. The HvNHX2 and HvNHX4 isoforms were also induced by salt stress, although not to the same extent as HvNHX1 and HvNHX3. Gene expression analysis revealed that HvNHX1 and HvNHX3 are the candidate genes that could have the function of regulators of ions by sequestration of Na(+) in the vacuole. HvNHX1 and HvNHX3 showed a wide range of sequence variations in an amplicon, identified via single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Evaluation of the sequencing data of 38 barley genotypes, including Tibetan wild and cultivated varieties, showed polymorphisms, including SNPs, and small insertion and deletion (INDEL) sites in the targeted genes HvNHX1 and HvNHX3. Comprehensive analysis of the results revealed that Tibetan wild barley has distinctive alleles of HvNHX1 and HvNHX3 which confer tolerance to salinity. Furthermore, less sodium accumulation was observed in the root of XZ16 than the other genotypes as visualized by CoroNa-Green, a sodium-specific fluorophore. XZ16 is the tolerant genotype, showing least reduction of root and leaf dry weight under moderate (150 mM) and severe (300 mM) NaCl stress. Evaluation of genetic variation and identification of salt tolerance mechanism in wild barley could be promoting approaches to unravel the novel alleles involved in salinity tolerance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8902669 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89026692022-03-09 NHX-Type Na(+)/H(+) Antiporter Gene Expression Under Different Salt Levels and Allelic Diversity of HvNHX in Wild and Cultivated Barleys Jabeen, Zahra Irshad, Faiza Hussain, Nazim Han, Yong Zhang, Guoping Front Genet Genetics Salinity tolerance is a multifaceted trait attributed to various mechanisms. Wild barley is highly specialized to grow under severe environmental conditions of Tibet and is well-known for its diverse germplasm with high tolerance to abiotic stresses. The present study focused on determining the profile of the expression of isoforms of the HvNHX gene in 36 wild and two cultivated barley under salt stress. Our findings revealed that in leaves and roots, expression of HvNHX1 and HvNHX3 in XZ16 and CM72 was upregulated at all times as compared with sensitive ones. The HvNHX2 and HvNHX4 isoforms were also induced by salt stress, although not to the same extent as HvNHX1 and HvNHX3. Gene expression analysis revealed that HvNHX1 and HvNHX3 are the candidate genes that could have the function of regulators of ions by sequestration of Na(+) in the vacuole. HvNHX1 and HvNHX3 showed a wide range of sequence variations in an amplicon, identified via single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Evaluation of the sequencing data of 38 barley genotypes, including Tibetan wild and cultivated varieties, showed polymorphisms, including SNPs, and small insertion and deletion (INDEL) sites in the targeted genes HvNHX1 and HvNHX3. Comprehensive analysis of the results revealed that Tibetan wild barley has distinctive alleles of HvNHX1 and HvNHX3 which confer tolerance to salinity. Furthermore, less sodium accumulation was observed in the root of XZ16 than the other genotypes as visualized by CoroNa-Green, a sodium-specific fluorophore. XZ16 is the tolerant genotype, showing least reduction of root and leaf dry weight under moderate (150 mM) and severe (300 mM) NaCl stress. Evaluation of genetic variation and identification of salt tolerance mechanism in wild barley could be promoting approaches to unravel the novel alleles involved in salinity tolerance. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-02-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8902669/ /pubmed/35273633 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.809988 Text en Copyright © 2022 Jabeen, Irshad, Hussain, Han and Zhang. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Genetics Jabeen, Zahra Irshad, Faiza Hussain, Nazim Han, Yong Zhang, Guoping NHX-Type Na(+)/H(+) Antiporter Gene Expression Under Different Salt Levels and Allelic Diversity of HvNHX in Wild and Cultivated Barleys |
title | NHX-Type Na(+)/H(+) Antiporter Gene Expression Under Different Salt Levels and Allelic Diversity of HvNHX in Wild and Cultivated Barleys |
title_full | NHX-Type Na(+)/H(+) Antiporter Gene Expression Under Different Salt Levels and Allelic Diversity of HvNHX in Wild and Cultivated Barleys |
title_fullStr | NHX-Type Na(+)/H(+) Antiporter Gene Expression Under Different Salt Levels and Allelic Diversity of HvNHX in Wild and Cultivated Barleys |
title_full_unstemmed | NHX-Type Na(+)/H(+) Antiporter Gene Expression Under Different Salt Levels and Allelic Diversity of HvNHX in Wild and Cultivated Barleys |
title_short | NHX-Type Na(+)/H(+) Antiporter Gene Expression Under Different Salt Levels and Allelic Diversity of HvNHX in Wild and Cultivated Barleys |
title_sort | nhx-type na(+)/h(+) antiporter gene expression under different salt levels and allelic diversity of hvnhx in wild and cultivated barleys |
topic | Genetics |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8902669/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35273633 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.809988 |
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