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Prevalence of Impaired Fasting Glucose and Type 2 Diabetes in Kazakhstan: Findings From Large Study
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a serious public health problem. A large proportion of patients with T2DM are unaware of their condition. People with undiagnosed T2DM are at a greater risk of developing complications, whereas prediabetes has an elevated risk of becoming T2DM. The aim of this stud...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8907545/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35284393 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.810153 |
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author | Orazumbekova, Binur Issanov, Alpamys Atageldiyeva, Kuralay Berkinbayev, Salim Junusbekova, Gulnara Danyarova, Laura Shyman, Zhanmedet Tashmanova, Akmaral Sarria-Santamera, Antonio |
author_facet | Orazumbekova, Binur Issanov, Alpamys Atageldiyeva, Kuralay Berkinbayev, Salim Junusbekova, Gulnara Danyarova, Laura Shyman, Zhanmedet Tashmanova, Akmaral Sarria-Santamera, Antonio |
author_sort | Orazumbekova, Binur |
collection | PubMed |
description | Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a serious public health problem. A large proportion of patients with T2DM are unaware of their condition. People with undiagnosed T2DM are at a greater risk of developing complications, whereas prediabetes has an elevated risk of becoming T2DM. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), undiagnosed and prior-diagnosed T2DM in Kazakhstan. A cross-sectional study was conducted in four geographically remote regions using the WHO STEP survey instrument. The status of T2DM of 4,753 participants was determined using the WHO diagnostic criteria based on fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level. As a result, the survey-weighted prevalence of IFG was 1.9% (95% CI 1.1%; 3.5%) and of T2DM was 8.0% (95% CI 3.8; 15.9). A total of 54% of T2DM have been newly diagnosed with T2DM. Being 55–64 years old (OR = 2.71, 95% CI 1.12; 6.60) and having lowered HDL-C level (OR = 3.72, 95% CI 1.68; 8.23) were found to be independent predictors for IFG. Being older than 45 years, a female (OR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.39; 0.83), having high waist circumference, was associated with newly diagnosed T2DM. Whereas, the age older than 45 years, high waist circumference, and family history of diabetes (OR = 2.42, 95% CI 1.64; 3.54) were associated with preexisting T2DM. This study shows a high prevalence of IFG and a high proportion of newly diagnosed T2DM in Kazakhstan. A series of risk factors identified in the study may be used to strengthen appropriate identification of IFG or undiagnosed patients in healthcare settings to deliver either preventive or therapeutic interventions aimed to reduce the incidence of T2DM or the delay of their complications. Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these associations in our population. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8907545 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89075452022-03-11 Prevalence of Impaired Fasting Glucose and Type 2 Diabetes in Kazakhstan: Findings From Large Study Orazumbekova, Binur Issanov, Alpamys Atageldiyeva, Kuralay Berkinbayev, Salim Junusbekova, Gulnara Danyarova, Laura Shyman, Zhanmedet Tashmanova, Akmaral Sarria-Santamera, Antonio Front Public Health Public Health Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a serious public health problem. A large proportion of patients with T2DM are unaware of their condition. People with undiagnosed T2DM are at a greater risk of developing complications, whereas prediabetes has an elevated risk of becoming T2DM. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), undiagnosed and prior-diagnosed T2DM in Kazakhstan. A cross-sectional study was conducted in four geographically remote regions using the WHO STEP survey instrument. The status of T2DM of 4,753 participants was determined using the WHO diagnostic criteria based on fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level. As a result, the survey-weighted prevalence of IFG was 1.9% (95% CI 1.1%; 3.5%) and of T2DM was 8.0% (95% CI 3.8; 15.9). A total of 54% of T2DM have been newly diagnosed with T2DM. Being 55–64 years old (OR = 2.71, 95% CI 1.12; 6.60) and having lowered HDL-C level (OR = 3.72, 95% CI 1.68; 8.23) were found to be independent predictors for IFG. Being older than 45 years, a female (OR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.39; 0.83), having high waist circumference, was associated with newly diagnosed T2DM. Whereas, the age older than 45 years, high waist circumference, and family history of diabetes (OR = 2.42, 95% CI 1.64; 3.54) were associated with preexisting T2DM. This study shows a high prevalence of IFG and a high proportion of newly diagnosed T2DM in Kazakhstan. A series of risk factors identified in the study may be used to strengthen appropriate identification of IFG or undiagnosed patients in healthcare settings to deliver either preventive or therapeutic interventions aimed to reduce the incidence of T2DM or the delay of their complications. Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these associations in our population. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-02-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8907545/ /pubmed/35284393 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.810153 Text en Copyright © 2022 Orazumbekova, Issanov, Atageldiyeva, Berkinbayev, Junusbekova, Danyarova, Shyman, Tashmanova and Sarria-Santamera. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Public Health Orazumbekova, Binur Issanov, Alpamys Atageldiyeva, Kuralay Berkinbayev, Salim Junusbekova, Gulnara Danyarova, Laura Shyman, Zhanmedet Tashmanova, Akmaral Sarria-Santamera, Antonio Prevalence of Impaired Fasting Glucose and Type 2 Diabetes in Kazakhstan: Findings From Large Study |
title | Prevalence of Impaired Fasting Glucose and Type 2 Diabetes in Kazakhstan: Findings From Large Study |
title_full | Prevalence of Impaired Fasting Glucose and Type 2 Diabetes in Kazakhstan: Findings From Large Study |
title_fullStr | Prevalence of Impaired Fasting Glucose and Type 2 Diabetes in Kazakhstan: Findings From Large Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of Impaired Fasting Glucose and Type 2 Diabetes in Kazakhstan: Findings From Large Study |
title_short | Prevalence of Impaired Fasting Glucose and Type 2 Diabetes in Kazakhstan: Findings From Large Study |
title_sort | prevalence of impaired fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes in kazakhstan: findings from large study |
topic | Public Health |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8907545/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35284393 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.810153 |
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