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Effective Two-Stage Heterotrophic Cultivation of the Unicellular Green Microalga Chromochloris zofingiensis Enabled Ultrahigh Biomass and Astaxanthin Production

Chromochloris zofingiensis has obtained particular interest as a promising candidate for natural astaxanthin production. In this study, we established a two-stage heterotrophic cultivation process, by using which both the growth of C. zofingiensis and astaxanthin accumulation are substantially enhan...

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Autores principales: Chen, Qiaohong, Chen, Yi, Xu, Quan, Jin, Hu, Hu, Qiang, Han, Danxiang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8907917/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35284408
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2022.834230
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author Chen, Qiaohong
Chen, Yi
Xu, Quan
Jin, Hu
Hu, Qiang
Han, Danxiang
author_facet Chen, Qiaohong
Chen, Yi
Xu, Quan
Jin, Hu
Hu, Qiang
Han, Danxiang
author_sort Chen, Qiaohong
collection PubMed
description Chromochloris zofingiensis has obtained particular interest as a promising candidate for natural astaxanthin production. In this study, we established a two-stage heterotrophic cultivation process, by using which both the growth of C. zofingiensis and astaxanthin accumulation are substantially enhanced. Specifically, the ultrahigh biomass concentration of 221.3 g L(−1) was achieved under the optimum culture conditions in 7.5 L fermenter during 12 days. When scaled-up in the 500 L fermentor, the biomass yield reached 182.3 g L(−1) in 9 days, while the astaxanthin content was 0.068% of DW. To further promote astaxanthin accumulation, gibberellic Acid-3 (GA3) was screened from a variety of phytohormones and was combined with increased C/N ratio and NaCl concentration for induction. When C. zofingiensis was grown with the two-stage cultivation strategy, the astaxanthin yield reached 0.318 g L(−1), of which the biomass yield was 235.4 g L(−1) and astaxanthin content was 0.144% of DW. The content of the total fatty acids increased from 23 to 42% of DW simultaneously. Such an astaxanthin yield was 5.4-fold higher than the reported highest record and surpassed the level of Haematococcus pluvialis. This study demonstrated that heterotrophic cultivation of C. zofingiensis is competitive for industrial astaxanthin production.
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spelling pubmed-89079172022-03-11 Effective Two-Stage Heterotrophic Cultivation of the Unicellular Green Microalga Chromochloris zofingiensis Enabled Ultrahigh Biomass and Astaxanthin Production Chen, Qiaohong Chen, Yi Xu, Quan Jin, Hu Hu, Qiang Han, Danxiang Front Bioeng Biotechnol Bioengineering and Biotechnology Chromochloris zofingiensis has obtained particular interest as a promising candidate for natural astaxanthin production. In this study, we established a two-stage heterotrophic cultivation process, by using which both the growth of C. zofingiensis and astaxanthin accumulation are substantially enhanced. Specifically, the ultrahigh biomass concentration of 221.3 g L(−1) was achieved under the optimum culture conditions in 7.5 L fermenter during 12 days. When scaled-up in the 500 L fermentor, the biomass yield reached 182.3 g L(−1) in 9 days, while the astaxanthin content was 0.068% of DW. To further promote astaxanthin accumulation, gibberellic Acid-3 (GA3) was screened from a variety of phytohormones and was combined with increased C/N ratio and NaCl concentration for induction. When C. zofingiensis was grown with the two-stage cultivation strategy, the astaxanthin yield reached 0.318 g L(−1), of which the biomass yield was 235.4 g L(−1) and astaxanthin content was 0.144% of DW. The content of the total fatty acids increased from 23 to 42% of DW simultaneously. Such an astaxanthin yield was 5.4-fold higher than the reported highest record and surpassed the level of Haematococcus pluvialis. This study demonstrated that heterotrophic cultivation of C. zofingiensis is competitive for industrial astaxanthin production. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-02-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8907917/ /pubmed/35284408 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2022.834230 Text en Copyright © 2022 Chen, Chen, Xu, Jin, Hu and Han. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Bioengineering and Biotechnology
Chen, Qiaohong
Chen, Yi
Xu, Quan
Jin, Hu
Hu, Qiang
Han, Danxiang
Effective Two-Stage Heterotrophic Cultivation of the Unicellular Green Microalga Chromochloris zofingiensis Enabled Ultrahigh Biomass and Astaxanthin Production
title Effective Two-Stage Heterotrophic Cultivation of the Unicellular Green Microalga Chromochloris zofingiensis Enabled Ultrahigh Biomass and Astaxanthin Production
title_full Effective Two-Stage Heterotrophic Cultivation of the Unicellular Green Microalga Chromochloris zofingiensis Enabled Ultrahigh Biomass and Astaxanthin Production
title_fullStr Effective Two-Stage Heterotrophic Cultivation of the Unicellular Green Microalga Chromochloris zofingiensis Enabled Ultrahigh Biomass and Astaxanthin Production
title_full_unstemmed Effective Two-Stage Heterotrophic Cultivation of the Unicellular Green Microalga Chromochloris zofingiensis Enabled Ultrahigh Biomass and Astaxanthin Production
title_short Effective Two-Stage Heterotrophic Cultivation of the Unicellular Green Microalga Chromochloris zofingiensis Enabled Ultrahigh Biomass and Astaxanthin Production
title_sort effective two-stage heterotrophic cultivation of the unicellular green microalga chromochloris zofingiensis enabled ultrahigh biomass and astaxanthin production
topic Bioengineering and Biotechnology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8907917/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35284408
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2022.834230
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