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BMNet: A New Region-Based Metric Learning Method for Early Alzheimer’s Disease Identification With FDG-PET Images
18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) reveals altered brain metabolism in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Some biomarkers derived from FDG-PET by computer-aided-diagnosis (CAD) technologies have been proved that they can accura...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8908419/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35281501 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2022.831533 |
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author | Cui, Wenju Yan, Caiying Yan, Zhuangzhi Peng, Yunsong Leng, Yilin Liu, Chenlu Chen, Shuangqing Jiang, Xi Zheng, Jian Yang, Xiaodong |
author_facet | Cui, Wenju Yan, Caiying Yan, Zhuangzhi Peng, Yunsong Leng, Yilin Liu, Chenlu Chen, Shuangqing Jiang, Xi Zheng, Jian Yang, Xiaodong |
author_sort | Cui, Wenju |
collection | PubMed |
description | 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) reveals altered brain metabolism in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Some biomarkers derived from FDG-PET by computer-aided-diagnosis (CAD) technologies have been proved that they can accurately diagnosis normal control (NC), MCI, and AD. However, existing FDG-PET-based researches are still insufficient for the identification of early MCI (EMCI) and late MCI (LMCI). Compared with methods based other modalities, current methods with FDG-PET are also inadequate in using the inter-region-based features for the diagnosis of early AD. Moreover, considering the variability in different individuals, some hard samples which are very similar with both two classes limit the classification performance. To tackle these problems, in this paper, we propose a novel bilinear pooling and metric learning network (BMNet), which can extract the inter-region representation features and distinguish hard samples by constructing the embedding space. To validate the proposed method, we collect 898 FDG-PET images from Alzheimer’s disease neuroimaging initiative (ADNI) including 263 normal control (NC) patients, 290 EMCI patients, 147 LMCI patients, and 198 AD patients. Following the common preprocessing steps, 90 features are extracted from each FDG-PET image according to the automatic anatomical landmark (AAL) template and then sent into the proposed network. Extensive fivefold cross-validation experiments are performed for multiple two-class classifications. Experiments show that most metrics are improved after adding the bilinear pooling module and metric losses to the Baseline model respectively. Specifically, in the classification task between EMCI and LMCI, the specificity improves 6.38% after adding the triple metric loss, and the negative predictive value (NPV) improves 3.45% after using the bilinear pooling module. In addition, the accuracy of classification between EMCI and LMCI achieves 79.64% using imbalanced FDG-PET images, which illustrates that the proposed method yields a state-of-the-art result of the classification accuracy between EMCI and LMCI based on PET images. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8908419 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89084192022-03-11 BMNet: A New Region-Based Metric Learning Method for Early Alzheimer’s Disease Identification With FDG-PET Images Cui, Wenju Yan, Caiying Yan, Zhuangzhi Peng, Yunsong Leng, Yilin Liu, Chenlu Chen, Shuangqing Jiang, Xi Zheng, Jian Yang, Xiaodong Front Neurosci Neuroscience 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) reveals altered brain metabolism in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Some biomarkers derived from FDG-PET by computer-aided-diagnosis (CAD) technologies have been proved that they can accurately diagnosis normal control (NC), MCI, and AD. However, existing FDG-PET-based researches are still insufficient for the identification of early MCI (EMCI) and late MCI (LMCI). Compared with methods based other modalities, current methods with FDG-PET are also inadequate in using the inter-region-based features for the diagnosis of early AD. Moreover, considering the variability in different individuals, some hard samples which are very similar with both two classes limit the classification performance. To tackle these problems, in this paper, we propose a novel bilinear pooling and metric learning network (BMNet), which can extract the inter-region representation features and distinguish hard samples by constructing the embedding space. To validate the proposed method, we collect 898 FDG-PET images from Alzheimer’s disease neuroimaging initiative (ADNI) including 263 normal control (NC) patients, 290 EMCI patients, 147 LMCI patients, and 198 AD patients. Following the common preprocessing steps, 90 features are extracted from each FDG-PET image according to the automatic anatomical landmark (AAL) template and then sent into the proposed network. Extensive fivefold cross-validation experiments are performed for multiple two-class classifications. Experiments show that most metrics are improved after adding the bilinear pooling module and metric losses to the Baseline model respectively. Specifically, in the classification task between EMCI and LMCI, the specificity improves 6.38% after adding the triple metric loss, and the negative predictive value (NPV) improves 3.45% after using the bilinear pooling module. In addition, the accuracy of classification between EMCI and LMCI achieves 79.64% using imbalanced FDG-PET images, which illustrates that the proposed method yields a state-of-the-art result of the classification accuracy between EMCI and LMCI based on PET images. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-02-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8908419/ /pubmed/35281501 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2022.831533 Text en Copyright © 2022 Cui, Yan, Yan, Peng, Leng, Liu, Chen, Jiang, Zheng and Yang. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Cui, Wenju Yan, Caiying Yan, Zhuangzhi Peng, Yunsong Leng, Yilin Liu, Chenlu Chen, Shuangqing Jiang, Xi Zheng, Jian Yang, Xiaodong BMNet: A New Region-Based Metric Learning Method for Early Alzheimer’s Disease Identification With FDG-PET Images |
title | BMNet: A New Region-Based Metric Learning Method for Early Alzheimer’s Disease Identification With FDG-PET Images |
title_full | BMNet: A New Region-Based Metric Learning Method for Early Alzheimer’s Disease Identification With FDG-PET Images |
title_fullStr | BMNet: A New Region-Based Metric Learning Method for Early Alzheimer’s Disease Identification With FDG-PET Images |
title_full_unstemmed | BMNet: A New Region-Based Metric Learning Method for Early Alzheimer’s Disease Identification With FDG-PET Images |
title_short | BMNet: A New Region-Based Metric Learning Method for Early Alzheimer’s Disease Identification With FDG-PET Images |
title_sort | bmnet: a new region-based metric learning method for early alzheimer’s disease identification with fdg-pet images |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8908419/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35281501 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2022.831533 |
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